Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hā́pākaH

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *Hā́pa +‎ *-akaH.

Noun

*Hā́pākaH f

1. water

Inflection

aH-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*Hā́pākaH	*Hā́pākay	*Hā́pākāh
vocative	*Hā́pākay	*Hā́pākay	*Hā́pākāh
accusative	*Hā́pākām	*Hā́pākay	*Hā́pākāh
instrumental	*Hā́pākaH, -ayaH	*Hā́pākaHbʰyā(m)	*Hā́pākaHbʰiš
ablative	*Hā́pākayaHh	*Hā́pākaHbʰyā(m)	*Hā́pākaHbʰyah
dative	*Hā́pākayaHi	*Hā́pākaHbʰyā(m)	*Hā́pākaHbʰyah
genitive	*Hā́pākayaHh	*Hā́pākayHāh	*Hā́pākaHnaHam
locative	*Hā́pākayaH	*Hā́pākayHaw	*Hā́pākaHhu

Descendants

• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Proto-Scythian: *āpakā
    • Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *ābaga
      • Wakhi: yupk (“water”)
    • Proto-Sarmatian: *āβaga
      • Alanic: *aβəgæ (“glass”), *aβægæ
        • Ossetian: (“glass, bottle”)

          Digor Ossetian: авгӕ (avgæ)

          Iron Ossetian: авг (avg) (see there for further descendants)

        • → Hungarian: üveg (“glass”)
  • Sogdo-Bactrian:
    • Bactrian: αββο (abbo), αβο (abo)
    • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (ūtcā)
    • Proto-Sogdic: *āpāʾā
      • Sogdian: (/⁠āpā⁠/)

        Sogdian script: 𐼰𐼰𐼾𐼳 (ʾʾph)

        Old Sogdian script: 𐼀𐼀𐼔𐼆 (ʾʾph)

      • Yaghnobi: ōpa
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Ormuri-Parachi:
    • Ormuri: [Arabic needed] (wọ̄k)
    • Parachi: âwə
  • Munji-Yidgha:
    • Munji: [script needed] (yṓwγā)
    • Yidgha: [script needed] (yowγo)
  • Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:
    • Ishkashimi: [script needed] (wek), [script needed] (vek)
    • Sanglechi: [script needed] (vē), [script needed] (vēk)
    • Zebaki: wēk
  • Pashto:

    Pashto: اوبه (obë́, sg.), اوبه f (ubë́, pl.)

    Waziri: [Arabic needed] (epo)

• → Old Armenian: ապակի (apaki, “glass”), ապիկի (apiki) (see there for further descendants)