Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/kā́rawā

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *kā́rawāh ~ *kārawntáh (“mustered, mobilized”) +‎ *-ā (agent suffix).

Noun

*kā́rawā ~ *kārawnáh m

1. mobilized army
2. caravan

Descendants

• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Pashto: کاروان (kārwān)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Kurdish:

    Central Kurdish: کاروان (karwan)

    Northern Kurdish: qarvan, karvan

  • Parthian: 𐫐𐫀𐫡𐫇𐫀𐫗 (kʾrwʾn /⁠kārawān⁠/, “army on the march, army”)
    • → Old Armenian: կարաւան (karawan) (see there for further descendants)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Old Persian: *kāravā
    • Middle Persian: kʾlwʾn' (kʾlwʾn' /⁠kārawān⁠/) (< acc.sg. *kāravānam or nom.pl. *kāravānah)
      • Persian: کاروان (kârvân), کارْبان (kârbân) (see there for further descendants)
    • → Achaemenid Elamite: [script needed] (kar-ra-ma-na) (< acc.sg. *kāravānam or nom.pl. *kāravānah)