Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/amō
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This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Italic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]LIV[1] and De Vaan[2] suggest a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₃emh₃- (“to seize, to take hold”) via “to take hold”, applying a semantic shift “to take by the hand” > “to regard as a friend” > “to love, to be fond of” to arrive at the Latin meaning.
Verb
[edit]*amō first-singular present indicative[2][3]
- to get hold of
Conjugation
[edit]| Inflection of *amō (athematic) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Present | *amō | |
| Perfect | — | |
| Aorist | — | |
| Past participle | *amatos | |
| Present indicative | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *amō | *amōr |
| 2nd sing. | *amas | *amazo |
| 3rd sing. | *amat | *amator |
| 1st plur. | *amamos | *amamor |
| 2nd plur. | *amates | — |
| 3rd plur. | *ament | *amentor |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *amām | *amār |
| 2nd sing. | *amās | *amāzo |
| 3rd sing. | *amād | *amātor |
| 1st plur. | *amāmos | *amāmor |
| 2nd plur. | *amātes | — |
| 3rd plur. | *amānd | *amāntor |
| Perfect indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Aorist indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Present imperative | Active | Passive |
| 2nd sing. | *ama | *amazo |
| 2nd plur. | *amate | — |
| Future imperative | Active | |
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *amatōd | |
| Participles | Present | Past |
| *amants | *amatos | |
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
| *amatus | *amazi | |
Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Marrucinian: amatens (“they have received”, 3pl. act. perf.)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂meh₃-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 266
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “amō, -āre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 39
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 399, 401