Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kneiɣʷēō
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This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Italic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From earlier *kneiɣʷējō, from Proto-Indo-European *kneygʷʰ-éh₁y-eti, from *kneygʷʰ- (“to bend, to droop”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *hnīwaną.
Verb[edit]
*kneiɣʷēō first-singular present indicative[1]
Inflection[edit]
| Inflection of *kneiɣʷēō (second conjugation stative) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Present | *kneiɣʷēō | |
| Perfect | *kneiksai | |
| Past participle | *kniktos | |
| Present indicative | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *kneiɣʷēō | *kneiɣʷēōr |
| 2nd sing. | *kneiɣʷēs | *kneiɣʷēzo |
| 3rd sing. | *kneiɣʷēt | *kneiɣʷētor |
| 1st plur. | *kneiɣʷēmos | *kneiɣʷēmor |
| 2nd plur. | *kneiɣʷētes | *kneiɣʷēm(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *kneiɣʷēnt | *kneiɣʷēntor |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *kneiɣʷēām | *kneiɣʷēār |
| 2nd sing. | *kneiɣʷēās | *kneiɣʷēāzo |
| 3rd sing. | *kneiɣʷēād | *kneiɣʷēātor |
| 1st plur. | *kneiɣʷēāmos | *kneiɣʷēāmor |
| 2nd plur. | *kneiɣʷēātes | *kneiɣʷēām(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *kneiɣʷēānd | *kneiɣʷēāntor |
| Perfect indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | *kneiksai | |
| 2nd sing. | *kneiksistai | |
| 3rd sing. | *kneikse(d) | |
| 1st plur. | *kneiksomos | |
| 2nd plur. | *kneiksistes | |
| 3rd plur. | *kneiksēri | |
| Present imperative | Active | Passive |
| 2nd sing. | *kneiɣʷē | *kneiɣʷēzo |
| 2nd plur. | *kneiɣʷēte | — |
| Future imperative | Active | |
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *kneiɣʷētōd | |
| Participles | Present | Past |
| *kneiɣʷēnts | *kniktos | |
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
| *kniktum | *kneiɣʷēzi | |
Descendants[edit]
- Latin: *nīveō
- Proto-Italic: *konkneiɣʷēō (prefixed form *kon- + *kneiɣʷēō)
- Umbrian: conegos, kunikaz
References[edit]
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN