Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ḥaraṯ-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Verb

*ḥaraṯ-

1. to till
2. to plow

Conjugation

Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/ḥaraṯ- (paʕala)

verbal noun					*ḥarṯ-
active participle					*ḥāriṯ-
passive participle					*ḥarīṯ-, *ḥarūṯ-
		singular				dual				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
perfect	m	*ḥaraṯku	*ḥaraṯka	*ḥaraṯa		*ḥaraṯkayā	*ḥaraṯkā	*ḥaraṯā		*ḥaraṯna	*ḥaraṯkanu	*ḥaraṯū
	f		*ḥaraṯki	*ḥaraṯat				*ḥaraṯatā			*ḥaraṯkina	*ḥaraṯā
imperfect	m	*ʔaḥruṯ	*taḥruṯ	*yiḥruṯ		*taḥruṯā	*yaḥruṯā	*niḥruṯ		*taḥruṯū	*yiḥruṯū
	f		*taḥruṯī	*taḥruṯ			*taḥruṯā			*taḥruṯā	*yiḥruṯā
imperative	m		*ḥaruṯ			*ḥaruṯā				*ḥaruṯū
	f		*ḥaruṯī							*ḥaruṯā

Descendants

• East Semitic:
  • Akkadian: 𒀳 (erēšum)
• West Semitic:
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: حَرَثَ (ḥaraṯa)
      • Egyptian Arabic: حرت (ḥarat)
      • Maltese: ħarat
    • Northwest Semitic:
      • Canaanite:
        • Hebrew: חָרַשׁ (kharásh, ḥāraš)
        • Phoenician: 𐤇𐤓𐤔 (ḥrš)
      • Ugaritic: 𐎈𐎗𐎘 (ḥrṯ /⁠ḥaraṯa⁠/)
    • Old South Arabian: 𐩣𐩢𐩧𐩻𐩩 (mḥrṯt)
  • Ethiopian Semitic:
    • Amharic: አረሰ (ʾarräsä)