Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ętro

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *entrá, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁entrom.

Baltic cognates include Old Prussian instran (“fat”).

Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit आन्त्र n (āntrá, “intestine”), Ancient Greek ἔντερα n (éntera, “entrails”, pl.).

Noun

*ę̄trò n

1. liver

Inflection

Declension of *ę̄trò (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ę̄trò	*ę̃trě	*ę̄trà
genitive	*ę̄trà	*ę̄trù	*ę̃trъ
dative	*ę̄trù	*ę̄tròma	*ę̄tròmъ
accusative	*ę̄trò	*ę̃trě	*ę̄trà
instrumental	*ę̄trъ̀mь, *ę̄tròmь*	*ę̄tròma	*ę̃try
locative	*ę̄trě̀	*ę̄trù	*ę̃trěxъ
vocative	*ę̄trò	*ę̃trě	*ę̄trà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms

• *ę̄drò
• *ǭtrà
• *ǭtrò
• *ǭtròba

Descendants

• Church Slavonic: ꙗтро (jatro) (Russian)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ꙗтро (jatro, “liver, (pl.) entrails”)
    • Russian: я́тро (játro), ятро́ (jatró, “entrails, eggs”), pl. я́тра (játra)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: ятро́ (jatró)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: је̏тра (pl.); је̑тра (pl.) (Dubrovnik)

    Latin: jȅtra (pl.); jȇtra (pl.) (Dubrovnik)

    • Chakavian (Orbanići): jⁱẽtra (pl.)
  • Slovene: jẹ́tra (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: játry (pl.)
    • Czech: játra (pl.)
  • Polabian: jǫtră (pl.)
  • Old Polish: jętry (pl.)
  • Slovak: jatrá
  • Slovincian: jitrza
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: jatra, jětro
    • Lower Sorbian: jětša, jětšo

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ę̄trò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 158
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ятра”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*ętro”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 72