Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/šišьka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Diminutive of *šiša +‎ *-ьka (attested in colloquial Polish szysza). Further origin unclear:

• Snoj: Cognate with Lithuanian šiksnà (“thong”), šykštùs (“scarce”), Latvian siksna (“thong”), from possible Proto-Balto-Slavic *śīks- (“sharp”). Related to Serbo-Croatian ши́шати (“to shear”), dialectal Bulgarian ши́шкам (šíškam, “to prod, to pierce”), perhaps Russian шиша́ть (šišátʹ, “to linger”).
• Н.В. Горяев (СЭСРЯ): Of Turkic origin from the root of Proto-Turkic *sīĺ (“skewer”), *sīĺč- (“to swell”) (in reference to the Russian descendant).
• Meljničuk: Possibly derived via reduplication from Proto-Indo-European *ksey- (“to prod”), from *kes- (“to mow”). From the same root, but via another extension, is Proto-Slavic *xvoja (“conifer”). Snoj also mentions possible relation to Proto-Slavic *šiti (“to sew”), *šidlo (“awl”).

Noun

*šišьka f

1. cone (fruit of conifer)

Inflection

Declension of *šišьka (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*šišьka	*šišьcě	*šišьky
genitive	*šišьky	*šišьku	*šišьkъ
dative	*šišьcě	*šišьkama	*šišьkamъ
accusative	*šišьkǫ	*šišьcě	*šišьky
instrumental	*šišьkojǫ, *šišьkǫ**	*šišьkama	*šišьkami
locative	*šišьcě	*šišьku	*šišьkasъ, *šišьkaxъ*
vocative	*šišьko	*šišьcě	*šišьky

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ши́шька (šíšĭka)
    • Old Ruthenian: ши́шка (šíška), шы́шка (šýška)
      • Belarusian: шы́шка (šýška)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: ши́шка (šýška)
      • Ukrainian: ши́шка (šýška)
    • Russian: ши́шка (šíška)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:
    • Serbian Church Slavonic: шишька (šišĭka)
  • ⇒ Bulgarian: шишарка (šišarka)
  • Macedonian: ши́шка (šíška)
    • ⇒ Macedonian: ши́шарка (šíšarka)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: шишка

    Latin script: šiška

  • Slovene: šȋškа (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: šiška
  • Polish: szyszka
  • Slovak: šiška
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: šуškа
    • Upper Sorbian: šiškа

References

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ши́шка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “шишка”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka