Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dupa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *daupāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰowp-eh₂, from *dʰewp-, alternative form of *dʰewbʰ- (“deep”). Doublet of *ďupa. Alternatively a Germanic borrowing.

Compare Lithuanian daubà (“ravine, hole, burrow”), Proto-Germanic *deupaz (> Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍀𐍃 (diups, “deep”))

Noun

*dupa f

1. hole

   Synonym: *ama

Inflection

Declension of *dupa (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dupa	*dupě	*dupy
genitive	*dupy	*dupu	*dupъ
dative	*dupě	*dupama	*dupamъ
accusative	*dupǫ	*dupě	*dupy
instrumental	*dupojǫ, *dupǫ**	*dupama	*dupami
locative	*dupě	*dupu	*dupasъ, *dupaxъ*
vocative	*dupo	*dupě	*dupy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Alternative forms

• *dupę

Related terms

• *dьbrь (“valley, ravine”)
• *dъno (“bottom”)
• *ďupa (“hole”)

Derived terms

• *dupina (“hole”)
• *dupiti
• *dupьnъ
• *duplo (“hole, hollow, cavity”)
  • *dupľa (“hollow”)
  • *duplina
  • *duplьje
  • *duplь (“hollow”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: *дупа (*dupa)
    • Old Ruthenian: ду́па (dúpa)
      • Belarusian: ду́па (dúpa)
      • Ukrainian: ду́па (dúpa)
    • Russian: ду́па (dúpa), дуп m (dup)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: ду́пка (dúpka), дупе n (dupe), дуп m (dup)
  • Macedonian: дупка (dupka)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ду̏пка, ду̏пе n

    Latin: dȕpka, dȕpe n

  • Slovene: dúpa (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: dúpa, dúpě
    • Czech: doupa, dupa, doupě n
  • Kashubian: dupa
  • Polish: dupa
  • Slovak: dúpa
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: dupa
    • Lower Sorbian: dupa, duṕe n

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дупло”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dupa”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 157