Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/naporъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Deverbal of *naperti (“to push, to agitate”), from *na- +‎ *perti.

Noun

*naporъ m

1. strain, force, pressure

Declension

Declension of *naporъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*naporъ	*napora	*napori
genitive	*napora	*naporu	*naporъ
dative	*naporu	*naporoma	*naporomъ
accusative	*naporъ	*napora	*napory
instrumental	*naporъmь, *naporomь*	*naporoma	*napory
locative	*naporě	*naporu	*naporěxъ
vocative	*napore	*napora	*napori

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: напоръ (naporŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: напо́ръ (napór)
      • Belarusian: напо́р (napór)
      • Ukrainian: напір (napir)
    • Russian: напо́р (napór)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: напо́р (napór)
  • Macedonian: на́пор (nápor)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: на́пор

    Latin script: nápor

  • Slovene: napòr (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: nápor
    • Czech: nápor
  • Polish: napór
  • Slovak: nápor

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*naporъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 225
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “напо́р”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress