Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/solma

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śálˀmāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱólh₂meh₂. Cognate with Latvian sal̃ms, Old Prussian salme, Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos), Latin culmus, Proto-Germanic *halmaz.

Noun

*sòlma f

1. straw

Inflection

Declension of *sòlma (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sòlma	*sòlmě	*sòlmy
genitive	*sòlmy	*sòlmu	*sòlmъ
dative	*sòlmě	*sòlmama	*sòlmamъ
accusative	*sòlmǫ	*sòlmě	*sòlmy
instrumental	*sòlmojǫ, *sòlmǭ**	*sòlmama	*sòlmamī
locative	*sòlmě	*sòlmu	*sòlmasъ, *sòlmaxъ*
vocative	*sòlmo	*sòlmě	*sòlmy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: солома (soloma)
    • Belarusian: сало́ма (salóma)
    • Russian: соло́ма (solóma)
    • Ukrainian: соло́ма (solóma)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: сла́ма (sláma)
  • Macedonian: сла́ма (sláma)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: сла̏ма

    Latin script: slȁma

  • Slovene: sláma
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: sláma
    • Czech: sláma
  • Polabian: slåmă
  • Polish: słoma
  • Slovak: slama
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: słoma
    • Upper Sorbian: słoma

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “солома”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress