Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kagun
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Perhaps borrowed from Tibetan ག་གོན (ga gon, “melon, gourd”),[1] reduplicated borrowing from Old Mandarin 瓜 (kwa)[2] (compare borrowings Tibetan གོན (gon, “pumpkin”), Nusu [Term?] (/ɣɔ/, “pumpkin”), Dzongkha གོན (gon, “cucumber”), Classical Mongolian ᠭᠤᠧᠠ (ɣuē-a)), though this has been disputed[3].
Noun
[edit]*kagun[4]
Declension
[edit]| singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| nominative | *kagun |
| accusative | *kagunug, *kagunnï1) |
| genitive | *kagunnuŋ |
| dative | *kagunka |
| locative | *kagunta |
| ablative | *kaguntan |
| allative | *kagungaru |
| instrumental 2) | *kagunun |
| equative 2) | *kagunča |
| similative 2) | *kagunlayu |
| comitative 2) | *kagunlugu |
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Karakhanid:[5][6]
- Kipchak:
- Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (kāwun) [13th c.], [script needed] (kawun) [14th c.], [script needed] (kowun) [15th c.][5]
- Azerbaijani:
- Gagauz: kaun (“muskmelon”)
- Ottoman Turkish: قاون (kavun), գավուն (kavun) — Armeno-Turkish
- Turkmen: gawun
- → Shina: [script needed] (gawún)
- Salar: qoğun
- Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (kāwun) [13th c.], [script needed] (kawun) [14th c.], [script needed] (kowun) [15th c.][5]
- Siberian Turkic:
References
[edit]- ^ Räsänen, Martti (1969), Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 157
- ^ Uray, G. (1954), “Duplication, gemination, and triplication in Tibetan”, in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, volume 4, number 1/3, →JSTOR
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Tenišev E. R., editor (2001), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: Leksika [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages: Lexis] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, page 139
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Nugteren, Hans; Ross, Marti (1996), “Common Vocabulary of the Western and Eastern Yugur Languages: The Turkic and Mongolic Loanwords”, in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, volume 49, number 1/2, Akadémiai Kiadó, →JSTOR
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 The template Template:R:trk:Clauson does not use the parameter(s):
2=611
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Clauson, Gerard (1972), “ka:ğu:n”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page ğu:n - ^ The template Template:R:otk:DTS does not use the parameter(s):
2=406
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Nadeljajev, V. M.; Nasilov, D. M.; Tenišev, E. R.; Ščerbak, A. M., editors (1969), “qaγun”, in Drevnetjurkskij slovarʹ [Dictionary of Old Turkic] (in Russian), Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, Nauka - ^ Schluessel, Eric (2015), “melon”, in Digital glossary of Eastern Turki[1]