Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bergan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *berganą.

Verb

*bergan

1. to preserve, to keep
2. to protect, to shelter

Inflection

Strong class 3
Infinitive	*bergan
1st sg. past	*barg
3rd pl. past	*burgun
Past ptcple	*borgan
Infinitive	*bergan
Genitive infin.	*bergannjas
Dative infin.	*bergannjē
Instrum. infin.	*bergannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*bergu	*barg
2nd singular	*birgiʀi	*burgī
3rd singular	*birgidi	*barg
1st plural	*bergum	*burgum
2nd plural	*birgid	*burgud
3rd plural	*bergand	*burgun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*bergē	*burgī
2nd singular	*bergēs	*burgī
3rd singular	*bergē	*burgī
1st plural	*bergēm	*burgīm
2nd plural	*bergēþ	*burgīd
3rd plural	*bergēn	*burgīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*birg
Plural	*birgid
	Present	Past
Participle	*bergandī	*borgan

Related terms

• *borgōn

Descendants

• Old English: beorgan
  • Middle English: berwen, berȝen, bergen, berghen, beregen, berrȝhenn
• Old Frisian: *berga; bergia
  • Saterland Frisian: bierge
  • West Frisian: bergje
• Old Saxon: *bergan
  • Middle Low German: bergen, bargen
    • German Low German: bargen
    • → Swedish: bärga (partly)
      • →? Finnish: pärjätä
• Old Dutch: bergan
  • Middle Dutch: bergen
    • Dutch: bergen
      • Afrikaans: berg
    • Limburgish: bèrge
• Old High German: bergan
  • Middle High German: bergen
    • German: bergen
    • Luxembourgish: biergen