Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bikkjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bikjaną.

Verb

*bikkjan

1. to attack, stab, hack, thrust

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*bikkjan
1st sg. past	*bikidā
Infinitive	*bikkjan
Genitive infin.	*bikkjannjas
Dative infin.	*bikkjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*bikkjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*bikkju	*bikidā
2nd singular	*bikisi	*bikidēs, *bikidōs
3rd singular	*bikiþi	*bikidē, *bikidā
1st plural	*bikkjum	*bikidum
2nd plural	*bikiþ	*bikidud
3rd plural	*bikkjanþ	*bikidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*bikkjē	*bikidī
2nd singular	*bikkjēs	*bikidī
3rd singular	*bikkjē	*bikidī
1st plural	*bikkjēm	*bikidīm
2nd plural	*bikkjēþ	*bikidīd
3rd plural	*bikkjēn	*bikidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*biki
Plural	*bikiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*bikkjandī	*bikid

Descendants

• Old Frisian: *bitsia, *bikja, *bikka
  • ⇒ Saterland Frisian: Bikker
  • West Frisian: bikje, bikke
• Old Saxon: *bikkian (suggested by derivative bikkil)
  • Middle Low German: bicken
    • German Low German: bickern (frequentative)
• Old Dutch: *bikken
  • Middle Dutch: bicken
    • Dutch: bikken
    • → Middle English: bickeren, beckeren (frequentative)
      • English: bicker
• Old High German: bikken, bicken; anabikken
  • Middle High German: bicken, becken
    • German: bicken