Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swinþ

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *swinþaz.

Adjective

*swinþ

1. strong

Inflection

a-stem
Singular	Masculine
Nominative	*swinþ
Genitive	*swinþas
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*swinþ	*swinþu	*swinþ
Accusative	*swinþanā	*swinþā	*swinþ
Genitive	*swinþas	*swinþeʀā	*swinþas
Dative	*swinþumē	*swinþeʀē	*swinþumē
Instrumental	*swinþu	*swinþeʀu	*swinþu
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*swinþē	*swinþō	*swinþu
Accusative	*swinþā	*swinþā	*swinþu
Genitive	*swinþeʀō	*swinþeʀō	*swinþeʀō
Dative	*swinþēm, *swinþum	*swinþēm, *swinþum	*swinþēm, *swinþum
Instrumental	*swinþēm, *swinþum	*swinþēm, *swinþum	*swinþēm, *swinþum

Derived terms

• *swinþalīk
• *swinþijan

Descendants

• Old English: swīþ
  • Middle English: swith
    • English: swith
    • Scots: swith
• Old Frisian: *swīth
  • Saterland Frisian: swied
  • West Frisian: swiid
• Old Saxon: swīth, *swinth
  • Middle Low German: swît, swîde, swinde
    • Low German: swied, swinn
    • Plautdietsch: schwind
    • → Polish: szwytki, świtki (“agile, quick, dashing”) (dialectal)
      • → Old Ruthenian: швыдкїй (švydkij) (dialectal) (see there for further descendants)
• Old Dutch: *swīth, *swinth (in placenames)
  • Middle Dutch: swîde, swinde
    • Dutch: swiet, zwiej (dialectal)
• Old High German: *swind (in personal names)
  • Middle High German: swinde, swint
    • ⇒ Middle High German: geswinde
      • Bavarian: gschwind
      • German: geschwind
        • → Dutch: gezwind
      • Luxembourgish: geschwënn