User:Victar/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gérh₂us
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This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- *gr̥h₂ús[1], *gr̥Hús[2]
- *ǵerh₂ōw ~ *ǵr̥h₂wés[3]
- *gerōw- ~ *gerū-[4]
- *ǵérh₂ōw ~ *ǵr̥h₂wós[5]
- *ǵérh₂ōws ~ *ǵr̥h₂éws ~ *ǵr̥h₂wós[6]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
*gérh₂us m[7]
Inflection[edit]
Older proterokinetic pattern:
| Athematic, proterokinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *gérh₂us | ||
| genitive | *gr̥h₂éws | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *gérh₂us | *gérh₂uh₁(e) | *gérh₂ewes |
| vocative | *gérh₂u | *gérh₂uh₁(e) | *gérh₂ewes |
| accusative | *gérh₂um | *gérh₂uh₁(e) | *gérh₂ums |
| genitive | *gr̥h₂éws | *? | *gr̥h₂éwoHom |
| ablative | *gr̥h₂éws | *? | *gr̥h₂úmos |
| dative | *gr̥h₂éwey | *? | *gr̥h₂úmos |
| locative | *gr̥h₂éw, *gr̥h₂éwi | *? | *gr̥h₂úsu |
| instrumental | *gr̥h₂úh₁ | *? | *gr̥h₂úmis |
Later hysterokinetic pattern:
| Athematic, hysterokinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *gr̥h₂ús | ||
| genitive | *gr̥h₂éws | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *gr̥h₂ús | *gr̥h₂úh₁(e) | *gr̥h₂úes |
| vocative | *gr̥h₂ú | *gr̥h₂úh₁(e) | *gr̥h₂úes |
| accusative | *gr̥h₂úm | *gr̥h₂úh₁(e) | *gr̥h₂úms |
| genitive | *gr̥h₂éws | *? | *gr̥h₂éwoHom |
| ablative | *gr̥h₂éws | *? | *gr̥h₂éwmos |
| dative | *gr̥h₂éwey | *? | *gr̥h₂éwmos |
| locative | *gr̥h₂éw, *gr̥h₂éwi | *? | *gr̥h₂éwsu |
| instrumental | *gr̥h₂éwh₁ | *? | *gr̥h₂éwmis |
Derived terms[edit]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́arHnā́
- Proto-Iranian: *jarHnā́[10]
- Proto-Pathan:[11]
- Proto-Iranian: *jarHnukah, *jurHnakah[12]
- Proto-Iranian: *jarHnā́[10]
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 291: “*grh₂-u-s”
- ^ Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 197
- ^ Jakob, Anthony (2017) The metathesis of *-Hu- and *-Hi- in PIE (PhD thesis)[1]
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “2. ger-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 383
- ^ Kortlandt, F. (1984) “Long vowels in Balto-Slavic”, in Baltistica[2], volume XXI, number 2,
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “grūs, -uis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 274
- ^ Kapović, Mate (2017) “Part 1 Chapter 1: Proto-Indo-European phonology”, in Kapović, Mate, editor, The Indo-European Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), 2nd edition, London, New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 17: “PIE *gerh₂n/w- ‘crane’”
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*krana/ōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 301
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “gervė”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 172
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2011) Selected Pashto Problems II. Historical Phonology 1: On Vocalism and Etyma (Iran and the Caucasus)[3], volume 15, numbers 1-2, Brill Academic Publishers, page 172: “*zarnā-”
- ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “z'āṇa”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN: “*zarn-iyā-”
- ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*⁵gar-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 176: “*źar(a)nuka- с метатезой гласных *źur(a)naka- ― *źar(a)nuka- s metatezoj glasnyx *źur(a)naka-”