User:Victar/Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hyáxah

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This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Thematicized from earlier *Hyáxš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyákš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yég-s ~ *h₁ig-és, from *h₁eyg- (“ice, frost”) +‎ *-s.

Noun[edit]

*Hyáxah f[1][2][3]

  1. ice

Related terms[edit]

*h₁éHi-s ~ *h₁iH-és f
  • *HáHišaH[4] (< *HáHiš)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *ǽyš
    • Parachi: [script needed] (īx, “ice”)
  • Parachi: [script needed] (yax, “ice”)

Derived terms[edit]

  • *Hyáxnah[1] (+ *-nah)
    • Old Persian: *yaxnaʰ
      • Classical Persian: یخنی (yaxnī, “a kind of food; cold cooked meat”)
        • Iranian Persian: یخنی (yaxnī)
        • Tajik: яхни (yaxni, “boiled meat for traveling”)
        • → Arabic: يخني (yaḵni, “stew”)
        • → Ishkashimi: яхни (yaxní, “mutton ham”)
        • → Roshani-Khufi:
          Roshani: [script needed] (уахпā́, “boiled meat for traveling”)
        • → Sogdian:
          Manichaean script: 𐫏𐫑𐫗𐫏𐫏 (yxnyy /⁠yaxnē⁠/, “left over food”)
        • → Wakhi: yixní, yaxní (“skinned ram carcass”)
      • Pashto: يخني (yaxní, “cold; frost; gravy”)
      • ⇒ Old Persian: *viyaxnaʰ (+ 𐎻 (vi /⁠vi-⁠/, “away, apart”))
    • Sogdian: (/⁠yaxn⁠/, “ice”)
      Sogdian script: 𐼷𐼶𐼻 (yxn), 𐼷𐼶𐼻𐼴 (yxnw)
      • ⇒ Sogdian:
        Old Sogdian script: [Old Sogdian needed] (ynγynʾk /⁠yanxēnē⁠/, “icy”)
  • Pashto: يڅه (yaśá, “leavings, leftovers”)
  • *HyáxadaHnah[1] (+ *-daHnah)
    • Pashto: يخېدنه f (yaxedə́na), يخېده m pl (yaxedə́, “chilling, freezing”)
    • Sogdian:
      Old Sogdian script: [Old Sogdian needed] (yyδγn /⁠(y)ēδxān⁠/, “icebox, glaicier”)
    • Old Azari: یخدان (/⁠akhdan⁠/, “box, icebox”)

Descendants[edit]

  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Sanglechi: yɛx
    • Ormuri-Parachi:
      • Ormuri: [script needed] (уах)
      • Parachi: íx
    • Pashto: يخ m (yax, “cold, frost; ice”)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: یخ (yax, “cold; ice”)
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    • Proto-Medo-Parthian: *yáxā
      • Caspian:
        • Gilaki: یخ (yəx)
        • Mazanderani: یخ (yax)
        • Shahmirzadi: [script needed] (īx)
      • Proto-Komisenian: *yáx
        • Lasgerdi: [script needed] (уах)
        • Sangisari: [script needed] (уах)
        • Sorkhei: [script needed] (уах)
      • Old Median: *yáxā
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Gurani: یخ (yax)
    • Middle Persian:
      Pazend script: 𐬫𐬀𐬑 (yax)
      • Larestani: یخ (yax)
      • Classical Persian: یخ (yax)
        • Dari: یخ (yax)
        • Iranian Persian: یخ (yäx)
        • Tajik: ях (yax)
        • → Urdu: یخ (yax)

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*aixa-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 140-143
  2. ^ Kim, Ronald I. (2007) “Two problems of Ossetic nominal morphology”, in Journal of Indo-European Studies and Historical Linguistics‎[1], volume 112, →DOI, →ISSN, page 1
  3. ^ Edelman, D. I. (1980) “History of the consonant systems of the North-Pamir Languages”, in Indo-Iranian Journal, volume 22, number 4, Brill, →JSTOR, page 294
  4. ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (1929) “īx”, in Parachi and Ormuri (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume I, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), page 237b
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