یخ

Persian

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *aixa-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH-.

Compare Ossetian их (ix), Pashto يخ‎ (yax), Lithuanian ýnis (“glazed frost”), Russian и́ней (ínej, “hoarfrost”), Ossetian ех (ex, “ice”), German Eis, English ice.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [jax]

• (Dari, formal/KBL) IPA^(key): [jäx]

• (Iran, formal/TEH) IPA^(key): [jæx]

• (Tajik, formal/DUS) IPA^(key): [jäχ]

• Phonetic Persian:

Traditional: [یَخ]‎

Iranian: [یَخ]‎

Readings
Classical reading?	yax
Dari reading?	yax
Iranian reading?	yax
Tajik reading?	yax

Noun

Dari	یخ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	ях

یخ • (yax)

1. ice

Derived terms

• یخی‎ (yaxi)
• یخچال‎ (yaxčâl)
• یخ بستن‎ (yax bastan)
• یخ زدن‎ (yax zadan)
  • یخ‌زده‎ (yax-zade)

Descendants

• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: यख़ (yax)
  • Urdu: یخ‎ (yax)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian یخ‎ (yax).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /jəx/

Noun

یَخ • (yax) m (Hindi spelling यख़)

1. ice

   Synonym: برف‎ (barf)

References

• “یخ”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “یخ”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.