Vascones
Latin
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Vasconii.png/250px-Vasconii.png)
Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek Οὐασκώνων (Ouaskṓnōn) attested in Strabo's 1st-century Geographica, Book III,[1] of uncertain origin.
Variously derived from αἴξ (aíx, “goat”) (literally “he-goat people”) or a variant of Ausci. According to Antonio Tovar, the name could have been from an exonym of entirely Proto-Indo-European origin given to the Basques by earlier Indo-Europeans inhabiting Basque country, based on the name ba(r)scunes found inscribed on coins matching the territory and period. The name would have been comprised of:
- the root Proto-Indo-European *bʰers- (“tip, point, top”)
- the suffix *-kon-
- the consonant stem suffix *-es indicating the name as a nominative plural
Thus, the name would have meant something like "the high (proud) people."[2] Probably unrelated to the Basque endonym Euskara, despite the similarity.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈu̯as.ko.neːs/, [ˈu̯äs̠kɔneːs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈvas.ko.nes/, [ˈväskones]
Proper noun
[edit]Vasconēs m pl (genitive Vasconum); third declension
- (historical) Vascones (a pre-Roman tribe between the Ebro and the Pyrenees in northeastern Hispania Tarraconensis generally taken to be the early Basques)
- (New Latin) Basques
Declension
[edit]Third-declension noun, plural only.
Case | Plural |
---|---|
Nominative | Vasconēs |
Genitive | Vasconum |
Dative | Vasconibus |
Accusative | Vasconēs |
Ablative | Vasconibus |
Vocative | Vasconēs |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Galician: Bascuas (place name)
References
[edit]- ^ Larry Trask, The History of Basque Routledge: 1997 →ISBN
- ^ Trask, R. L. (2013). The History of Basque. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis.
- “Vascones”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Vascones in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Vascones in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “Vascones”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “Vascones”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
- Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek
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