brisid

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbʲɾʲɪʃɪdʲ/

Verb

brisid

1. (archaic, Munster) third-person plural present indicative/subjunctive of bris

Usage notes

The modern standard forms are briseann siad in the indicative and go mbrise siad in the subjunctive.

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
brisid	bhrisid	mbrisid
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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Old Irish

Alternative forms

• brissid

Etymology

Denominative from bres (“fight, combat”), from Proto-Celtic *brestā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰres- (“to burst, break”). Cognate with Old English berstan and Old High German brestan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbʲrʲisʲiðʲ/

Verb

bris(s)id (conjunct ·bris(s)i, verbal noun bris(s)ed)

1. to break, to smash
2. to defeat

Inflection

Simple, class A II present, s preterite, f future, a subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Abs.			bris(s)id				bristir
	Conj.			·bris(s)i nod·mbrisi (with infixed pronoun d-)				·bris(s)ter
	Rel.							bris(s)ter
Imperfect indicative				·brissed
Preterite	Abs.			bris(s)is(s)				briste	bristi
	Conj.	·bris(i)us	·bris(s)is(s)	·bris(s)			·brisiset	·brissed
	Rel.			bris(s)is(s)
Perfect	Deut.	ro·brisius		ro·bris(s) ros·briss (with infixed pronoun s-)			ro·brisiset
	Prot.			·robris
Future	Abs.
	Conj.							·brisbedar
	Rel.			brisfes
Conditional
Present subjunctive	Abs.			bris(s)id
	Conj.	·bris(s)
	Rel.
Past subjunctive				·brissed
Imperative			bris(s)	brissed		bris(s)id		·bris(s)ter
Verbal noun		bris(s)ed
Past participle		briste
Verbal of necessity		bristi

Derived terms

• for·brissi

Descendants

• Irish: bris
• Manx: brish
• Scottish Gaelic: bris

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
brisid	brisid pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/	mbrisid
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “bris(s)id”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*brestā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 76