bris

See also: -bris and Bris

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Yiddish ברית (bris), from Hebrew בְּרִית (bərîṯ, “covenant”).

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA^(key): /bɹɪs/
• Rhymes: -ɪs

Noun

bris (plural brises or brisses or britot)

1. (Judaism) Ritual male circumcision.
   • 1993, Miriam Rose, Miriam Zakon, “The Baker Family Circus”, in Baker's Dozen, volume 4, Omnibus, page 129:

     The night before the bris, he invited nine of his little buddies to come and say kerias shema around the baby's bassinet. Mommy and Daddy, who flew in for the bris, were so touched, they kept dabbing their eyes and coughing.

   • 2009, Jeffrey Shandler, Jews, God, and Videotape: Religion and Media in America, page 155:

     Although indigenous visual documentation of the bris was, until the advent of video, limited and often oblique, the ceremony is a longstanding fixture of Christian art.

   • 2013, Ted Falcon, David Blatner, Judaism For Dummies, 2nd edition, page 109:

     However, if the baby is born on a Wednesday night, then the bris would occur on the following Thursday morning because Jewish days begin at sundown, and the bris is tradionally performed during the day. (Note that the Talmud (see Chapter 3) states if the baby's health is in question, then the bris must be postponed.)

Synonyms

• (circumcision): bris milah, brit milah

Derived terms

• bris periah

Translations

ritual male circumcision

• Hebrew: בְּרִית (he) f (bərîṯ)
• Italian: brit milà m
• Ladino:

  Hebrew alphabet: ברית m (brit)

  Latin alphabet: brit m

• Yiddish: ברית m (bris)

Anagrams

• IRBs, RBIs, RIBs, SBIR, ribs

French

Etymology

From the verb briser (“to break”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bʁi/

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (Canada (Shawinigan)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Saint-Étienne)):

  (file)

Noun

bris m (invariable)

1. shattering
2. (law) breach

Related terms

• briser

Further reading

• “bris”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Icelandic

Etymology

Related to brjósk (“gristle, cartilage”), where the original sense was "sweetbread."

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [prɪːs]
• Rhymes: -ɪːs

Noun

bris n (genitive singular briss, nominative plural bris)

1. (anatomy) pancreas

   Synonym: briskirtill

Declension

Declension of bris (neuter)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	bris	brisið	bris	brisin
accusative	bris	brisið	bris	brisin
dative	brisi	brisinu	brisum	brisunum
genitive	briss	brissins	brisa	brisanna

References

• Pierson, S. (2011). The Brisket Book: A Love Story with Recipes. United States: Andrews McMeel Publishing.

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish brisid. Cognate with English burst and German bersten.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bʲɾʲiʃ/

Verb

bris (present analytic briseann, future analytic brisfidh, verbal noun briseadh, past participle briste)

1. (ambitransitive) to break, fracture
2. to sack, fire, dismiss
3. (banking) to cash, (of money, bills) change
4. to burst (of dam)
5. to overthrow (of government)

Conjugation

conjugation of bris (first conjugation – A)

verbal noun	briseadh
past participle	briste
tense	singular			plural			relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative
present	brisim	briseann tú; brisir†	briseann sé, sí	brisimid	briseann sibh	briseann siad; brisid†	a bhriseann; a bhriseas / a mbriseann*	bristear
past	bhris mé; bhriseas	bhris tú; bhrisis	bhris sé, sí	bhriseamar; bhris muid	bhris sibh; bhriseabhair	bhris siad; bhriseadar	a bhris / ar bhris*	briseadh
past habitual	bhrisinn / mbrisinn‡‡	bhristeá / mbristeᇇ	bhriseadh sé, sí / mbriseadh sé, s퇇	bhrisimis; bhriseadh muid / mbrisimis‡‡; mbriseadh muid‡‡	bhriseadh sibh / mbriseadh sibh‡‡	bhrisidís; bhriseadh siad / mbrisidís‡‡; mbriseadh siad‡‡	a bhriseadh / a mbriseadh*	bhristí / mbrist퇇
future	brisfidh mé; brisfead	brisfidh tú; brisfir†	brisfidh sé, sí	brisfimid; brisfidh muid	brisfidh sibh	brisfidh siad; brisfid†	a bhrisfidh; a bhrisfeas / a mbrisfidh*	brisfear
conditional	bhrisfinn / mbrisfinn‡‡	bhrisfeá / mbrisfeᇇ	bhrisfeadh sé, sí / mbrisfeadh sé, s퇇	bhrisfimis; bhrisfeadh muid / mbrisfimis‡‡; mbrisfeadh muid‡‡	bhrisfeadh sibh / mbrisfeadh sibh‡‡	bhrisfidís; bhrisfeadh siad / mbrisfidís‡‡; mbrisfeadh siad‡‡	a bhrisfeadh / a mbrisfeadh*	bhrisfí / mbrisf퇇
subjunctive
present	go mbrise mé; go mbrisead†	go mbrise tú; go mbrisir†	go mbrise sé, sí	go mbrisimid; go mbrise muid	go mbrise sibh	go mbrise siad; go mbrisid†	—	go mbristear
past	dá mbrisinn	dá mbristeá	dá mbriseadh sé, sí	dá mbrisimis; dá mbriseadh muid	dá mbriseadh sibh	dá mbrisidís; dá mbriseadh siad	—	dá mbristí
imperative
–	brisim	bris	briseadh sé, sí	brisimis	brisigí; brisidh†	brisidís	—	bristear

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Derived terms

• athbhris (“break again”, verb)
• dobhriste (“unbreakable”, adjective)
• inbhriste (“breakable”, adjective)
• sobhriste (“breakable”, adjective)

Noun

bris f (genitive singular brise, nominative plural briseanna)

1. loss

   Ní maith liom do bhris.

   I’m sorry for your loss.

Declension

Declension of bris (second declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative bris briseanna vocative a bhris a bhriseanna genitive brise briseanna dative bris briseanna forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an bhris na briseanna genitive na brise na mbriseanna dative leis an mbris don bhris leis na briseanna

Mutation

Mutated forms of bris

radical	lenition	eclipsis
bris	bhris	mbris

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “brisim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 89
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “bris”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Lithuanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bʲrʲɪs̪]

Verb

bri̇̀s

1. third-person singular future of bristi
2. third-person plural future of bristi

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Middle Low German brise.

Noun

bris m (definite singular brisen, indefinite plural briser, definite plural brisene)

1. (weather) a breeze

References

• “bris” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Middle Low German brise.

Noun

bris m (definite singular brisen, indefinite plural brisar, definite plural brisane)

1. (weather) a breeze

References

• “bris” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• briss

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbʲɾʲisʲ/

Verb

bris

1. second-person singular imperative of brisid

Verb

·bris

1. inflection of brisid:
   1. third-person singular preterite conjunct
   2. first-person singular present subjunctive conjunct

Mutation

Mutation of bris

radical	lenition	nasalization
bris	bris pronounced with /βʲ-/	mbris

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish brisid. Cognate with English burst and German bersten.

Pronunciation

• (Lewis) IPA^(key): /pʰð̥iʃ/ (as if spelled pris)
• (Harris, Uist, Skye) IPA^(key): /b̥ɾʲiʃ/
• (Barra, Wester Ross) IPA^(key): /b̥ɾʲiʃtʲ/ (corresponding to the form brist)

Verb

bris (past bhris, future brisidh, verbal noun briseadh, past participle briste)

1. break, smash
2. breach

Further reading

• Edward Dwelly (1911), “bris”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “bris(s)id”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /brîːs/

Noun

brȋs m inan (Cyrillic spelling бри̑с)

1. (medicine) swab, smear

Declension

Declension of bris

	singular	plural
nominative	brȋs	brȉsovi
genitive	brisa	brisova
dative	brisu	brisovima
accusative	bris	brisove
vocative	brise	brisovi
locative	brisu	brisovima
instrumental	brisom	brisovima

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Spanish and Portuguese brisa (“northeast wind”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /briːs/

Noun

bris c

1. (often nautical) breeze

   styv bris

   fresh ("stiff") breeze (at sea)

Usage notes

• More nautical-sounding compared to English breeze, but also used more generally.
• Plural form could also be brisar.

Declension

Declension of bris

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	bris	bris
	definite	brisen	brisens
plural	indefinite	briser	brisers
	definite	briserna	brisernas

See also

• fläkt
• vindil
• vindpust
• vindstöt

References

• bris in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• bris in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• bris in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• bris in Svenskt nautiskt lexikon (1920)
• bris in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English bridge.

Noun

bris

1. bridge
2. wharf

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /briːs/
  • (South Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /briːʃ/

Noun

bris

1. soft mutation of pris

Mutation

Mutated forms of pris

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
pris	bris	mhris	phris

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Yola

Etymology

Borrowed from Irish brus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /brɪs/

Noun

bris

1. smithereens, little pieces

References

• Diarmaid Ó Muirithe (1990), “A Modern Glossary of the Dialect of Forth and Bargy”, in lrish University Review‎^[2], volume 20, number 1, Edinburgh University Press, page 155