s-
English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Abbreviation of scalar (“particle with spin 0”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]s-
- (physics) Subatomic particles with a spin (quantum angular momentum) of 0, predicted by supersymmetry; the bosonic equivalent of known fermions.
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Abbreviation of sec- (“secondary”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]s-
- (organic chemistry) secondary form
Albanian
[edit]Prefix
[edit]s-
Cayuga
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Prefix
[edit]s-
- second person agent pronominal prefix; you
References
[edit]- Marianne Mithun, Reginald Henry (1982) Wadęwayę́stanih - A Cayuga Teaching Grammar, 3rd edition, Woodland Cultural Centre, published 2015, page 54
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]s used as a prefix.
Prefix
[edit]s-
- a prefix, usually indicating either movement together or movement downwards
- direction from top down
- direction toward the middle
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “s-”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- s(e)- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017
Egyptian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Afroasiatic *s- (causative prefix).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /sɛ/
- Conventional anglicization: se-
Prefix
[edit] |
- Used to form a causative verb from a non-causative verb.
Alternative forms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 157.
Italian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]In most cases, this prefix stems from Latin ex- (see ex). In some cases, it stems from Latin dis-.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]s-
- used to form words that have an opposing sense: un-, in-
- used to form verbs that have a sense of undoing an action: de-, dis-, un-
- used to express a pejorative sense
- used to form verbs with a sense of exit, separation: dis-, ex-, trans-
- s- + buco (“hole”) → sbucare (“to pop out”)
- s- + confine (“boundary”) → sconfinare (“to stray away from”)
- used in a privative sense: a-, de-, un-
- used to derive verbs from a noun, adjective or verb
- s- + bianco (“white”) → sbiancare (“to whiten or bleach”)
- s- + gocciola (“droplet”) → sgocciolare (“to drip”)
- used as an intensifier
- reduced form of dis-
- discendere (“to descend”) → scendere
Usage notes
[edit]- Often used to prefix words beginning with a consonant. Dis- rather than s- is often preferred before vowels.
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Migliorini, Bruno with Aldo Duro (1950) “s-”, in Prontuario etimologico della lingua italiana (in Italian), Paravia
Javanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Javanese sa-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]s-
Alternative forms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Lushootseed
[edit]Prefix
[edit]s-
Maltese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Article
[edit]s-
- Alternative form of il-
Usage notes
[edit]- Used after a vowel and before the letter s. For details on usage, see the main lemma.
Mohawk
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- se- (before n-, r-, w-, and ’-stems)
Prefix
[edit]s-
- pronominal prefix for
- you _____
Alternative forms
[edit]- | Initial consonant | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Environment | t/s/h/k | n/r/w/’ | a | e/en | o/on | i | y |
Word-Initial | s- | se- | s- | s- | s- | ts- | ts- |
Prefix
[edit]s-
- singulative noun prefix
- iterative verb prefix
References
[edit]- Gunther Michelson (1973) A thousand words of Mohawk, University of Ottawa Press, page 9
- Nora Deering, Helga H. Delisle (1976) Mohawk: A teaching grammar (preliminary version), Quebec: Manitou College, pages 146, 344
Neapolitan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Prefix
[edit]s-
- privative or negative affix that attaches to verbs
Derived terms
[edit]Old Irish
[edit]Prefix
[edit]s- (class A infixed pronoun, triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others)
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]See Appendix:Old Irish affixed pronouns for details on how these forms are used.
Note that the so-called “infixed” pronouns are technically prefixes, but they are never the first prefix in a verbal complex.
Person | Infixed | Suffixed | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Class A | Class B | Class C | ||
1 sing. | m-L | dom-L, dam-L | -um | |
2 sing. | t-L | dot-L, dat-L, dut-L, dit-L | -ut | |
3 sing. m. | a-N, e-N | d-N | id-N, did-N, d-N | -i, -it |
3 sing. f. | s-(N) | da- | -us | |
3 sing. n. | a-L, e-L | d-L | id-L, did-L, d-L | -i, -it |
1 pl. | n- | don-, dun-, dan- | -unn | |
2 pl. | b- | dob-, dub-, dab- | -uib | |
3 pl. | s-(N) | da- | -us | |
L means this form triggers lenition. N means this form triggers nasalization (eclipsis) (N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others. |
Old Polish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]s-
- Alternative form of z-
Derived terms
[edit]Oneida
[edit]Prefix
[edit]s-
- second person agent pronominal prefix; you
References
[edit]- Floyd Lounsbury (1953) Oneida Verb Morphology, Yale University Press, pages 59-60
Polish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /s/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -s
- Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]
- Homophones: z, z-
Prefix
[edit]s-
- used before voiceless consonants to form a verb in a perfective aspect from a verb in an imperfective aspect
- used before voiceless consonants to mean "in a downward direction"
- used before voiceless consonants to mean "off, off the surface of", "away from", or "out of"
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- s- in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- sa- (before affricates, fricatives and certain consonant clusters)
Prefix
[edit]s- (Cyrillic spelling с-)
- Prepended to verbs, usually forming a perfective from an imperfective verb.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “s-”, in Hrvatski jezični portal (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
- English abbreviations
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English prefixes
- en:Physics
- English 1-syllable words
- en:Organic chemistry
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian prefixes
- Cayuga lemmas
- Cayuga prefixes
- Czech lemmas
- Czech prefixes
- Czech terms with usage examples
- Egyptian terms inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic
- Egyptian terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic
- Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Egyptian lemmas
- Egyptian prefixes
- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Italian lemmas
- Italian prefixes
- Javanese terms inherited from Old Javanese
- Javanese terms derived from Old Javanese
- Javanese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Javanese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Javanese terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Javanese terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Javanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Javanese lemmas
- Javanese prefixes
- Javanese cardinal numbers
- Lushootseed lemmas
- Lushootseed prefixes
- Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Maltese lemmas
- Maltese articles
- Mohawk lemmas
- Mohawk prefixes
- Mohawk agent pronominal prefixes
- Neapolitan terms inherited from Latin
- Neapolitan terms derived from Latin
- Neapolitan lemmas
- Neapolitan prefixes
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish prefixes
- Old Irish personal pronouns
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish prefixes
- Oneida lemmas
- Oneida prefixes
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/s
- Rhymes:Polish/s/1 syllable
- Polish terms with homophones
- Polish lemmas
- Polish prefixes
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian prefixes