chʼéʼaash
Navajo
[edit]Etymology
[edit]chʼí- (“out horizontally”) + -∅- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -ʼaash (imperfective stem of root -ʼÁÁZH, “to go, to walk — 2 actors”).
Prefix chʼí- becomes chʼé- when in pre-stem position.
Verb
[edit]chʼéʼaash
Usage notes
[edit]The stem is used for going / walking in pairs. For individual movement, see chʼéghááh. For movement in groups of three or more, see chʼékááh.
Singular forms of this verb refer to one subject involved in a movement as a pair:
- Bił chʼíníshʼáázh — I went out with him.
Distributive plural forms refer to several people going in pairs independent one from another:
- Ch'ídaniitʼáázh — we went out in pairs.
Conjugation
[edit]Paradigm: Momentaneous (ni/ni), with partial da-shift
| imperfective | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | chʼíníshʼaash | chʼíniitʼaash | chʼídaniitʼaash |
| 2nd person | chʼíníʼaash | chʼínóhʼaash | chʼídanohʼaash |
| 3rd person | chʼéʼaash | chʼídaaʼaash | |
| 4th person | chʼíjíʼaash | chʼídajíʼaash | |
| perfective | singular | duoplural | plural |
| 1st person | chʼíníʼáázh | chʼíniitʼáázh | chʼídaniitʼáázh |
| 2nd person | chʼííníʼáázh | chʼínooʼáázh | chʼídanooʼáázh |
| 3rd person | chʼíníʼáázh | chʼídaazhʼáázh | |
| 4th person | chʼízhníʼáázh | chʼídajizhʼáázh | |
| future | singular | duoplural | plural |
| 1st person | chʼídeeshʼash | chʼídiitʼash | chʼídadiitʼash |
| 2nd person | chʼídííʼash | chʼídoohʼash | chʼídadoohʼash |
| 3rd person | chʼídooʼash | chʼídadooʼash | |
| 4th person | chʼízhdooʼash | chʼídazhdooʼash | |
References
[edit]- Robert W. Young and William Morgan, Sr. (1987), The Navajo Language. A Grammar and Colloquial Dictionary, Albuquerque, New Mexico: University of New Mexico Press, page 295.
- Young, Robert; Morgan, William; Midgette, Sally (1992), Analytical lexicon of Navajo, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, →ISBN, page 31