esküszik
Hungarian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From the verb esik + -szik. [1]
Pronunciation
Verb
esküszik
- (intransitive) to swear (to take an oath)
Conjugation
conjugation of esküszik
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | esküszöm or esküdök |
esküszöl or esküdsz |
esküszik | esküszünk or esküdünk |
esküsztök or esküdtök |
esküsznek or esküdnek | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | esküdtem | esküdtél | esküdött | esküdtünk | esküdtetek | esküdtek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. esküdni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | esküdék or esküvék or esküdém or esküvém |
esküdél or esküvél | esküde or esküve or esküdék or esküvék |
esküdénk or esküvénk | esküdétek or esküvétek | esküdének or esküvének | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. esküszik vala, esküdött vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | esküdendek (or esküdendem) |
esküdendesz | esküdend (or esküdendik*) |
esküdendünk | esküdendetek | esküdendenek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | esküdnék (or esküdném) |
esküdnél | esküdne (or esküdnék*) |
esküdnénk | esküdnétek | esküdnének | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. esküdött volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | esküdjek or esküdjem |
esküdj or esküdjél |
esküdjön or esküdjék |
esküdjünk | esküdjetek | esküdjenek | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. esküdött légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | esküdni | esküdnöm | esküdnöd | esküdnie | esküdnünk | esküdnötök | esküdniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
esküvés | esküdő or esküvő | esküdött | ― | esküdve (esküdvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of esküszik
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | esküdhetek (or esküdhetem) |
esküdhetsz (or esküdhetel) |
esküdhet (or esküdhetik) |
esküdhetünk | esküdhettek | esküdhetnek | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | esküdhettem | esküdhettél | esküdhetett | esküdhettünk | esküdhettetek | esküdhettek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | esküdheték or esküdhetém |
esküdhetél | esküdhete or esküdheték |
esküdheténk | esküdhetétek | esküdhetének | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. esküdhet vala, esküdhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | esküdhetnék (or esküdhetném) |
esküdhetnél | esküdhetne (or esküdhetnék*) |
esküdhetnénk | esküdhetnétek | esküdhetnének | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. esküdhetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | esküdhessek (or esküdhessem) |
esküdhess or esküdhessél |
esküdhessen (or esküdhessék) |
esküdhessünk | esküdhessetek | esküdhessenek | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. esküdhetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (esküdhetni) | (esküdhetnem) | (esküdhetned) | (esküdhetnie) | (esküdhetnünk) | (esküdhetnetek) | (esküdhetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (esküdhetve / esküdhetvén) | ||||
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
References
- ^ esküszik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- esküszik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“An Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN