estovoir
Old French
Alternative forms
Verb
estovoir
- (impersonal) to be necessary
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem estuev distinct from the unstressed stem estov, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of estovoir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | estovoir | avoir esteü | |||||
| gerund | en estovant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | estovant | ||||||
| past participle | esteü | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | — | — | estuet | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | estovoit, estoveit | — | — | — | |
| preterite | — | — | estut | — | — | — | |
| future | — | — | estovra | — | — | — | |
| conditional | — | — | estovroit, estovreit | — | — | — | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | — | — | estuisse, estuist, estuece | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | esteüst | — | — | — | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
Noun
estovoir oblique singular, m (oblique plural estovoirs, nominative singular estovoirs, nominative plural estovoir)