forben

Old Irish

Etymology

From for- +‎ benaid.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɸoɾˈbʲen/

Verb

for·ben

1. to strike, to smite
   • c. 700–800, Táin Bó Cúailnge; published in Táin Bó Cúailnge. Recension I (1976, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Cecile O'Rahilly , TBC-I 1353:

     Bentai Cú Chulaind cona chlaidiub asa díb n-axalaib co torchair a étach de, ⁊ ní forbai ima chnes.

     Cú Chulainn struck him [Etarcomol] with his sword under his armpits so that his garments fell off of him, yet he did not cut into his skin.

Inflection

Complex, class B IV present, reduplicated preterite

		active						passive
		singular			plural			singular	plural
		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
present indicative	deut.						fordom·benat (with infixed pronoun dom-)
	prot.			·fairben
imperfect indicative	deut.
	prot.
preterite	deut.
	prot.			·forbai
perfect	deut.
	prot.
future	deut.
	prot.
conditional	deut.
	prot.
present subjunctive	deut.
	prot.
past subjunctive	deut.
	prot.
imperative
verbal noun
past participle
verbal of necessity

Mutation

Mutation of for·ben

radical	lenition	nasalization
for·ben	for·ben pronounced with /βʲ-/	for·mben

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “forben”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language