fronder
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From fronde.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]fronder
- (dated) to slingshot
- (figurative) to critique
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of fronder (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | fronder | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | frondant /fʁɔ̃.dɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | frondé /fʁɔ̃.de/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | fronde /fʁɔ̃d/ |
frondes /fʁɔ̃d/ |
fronde /fʁɔ̃d/ |
frondons /fʁɔ̃.dɔ̃/ |
frondez /fʁɔ̃.de/ |
frondent /fʁɔ̃d/ |
| imperfect | frondais /fʁɔ̃.dɛ/ |
frondais /fʁɔ̃.dɛ/ |
frondait /fʁɔ̃.dɛ/ |
frondions /fʁɔ̃.djɔ̃/ |
frondiez /fʁɔ̃.dje/ |
frondaient /fʁɔ̃.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | frondai /fʁɔ̃.de/ |
frondas /fʁɔ̃.da/ |
fronda /fʁɔ̃.da/ |
frondâmes /fʁɔ̃.dam/ |
frondâtes /fʁɔ̃.dat/ |
frondèrent /fʁɔ̃.dɛʁ/ | |
| future | fronderai /fʁɔ̃.dʁe/ |
fronderas /fʁɔ̃.dʁa/ |
frondera /fʁɔ̃.dʁa/ |
fronderons /fʁɔ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
fronderez /fʁɔ̃.dʁe/ |
fronderont /fʁɔ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | fronderais /fʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ |
fronderais /fʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ |
fronderait /fʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ |
fronderions /fʁɔ̃.də.ʁjɔ̃/ |
fronderiez /fʁɔ̃.də.ʁje/ |
fronderaient /fʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | fronde /fʁɔ̃d/ |
frondes /fʁɔ̃d/ |
fronde /fʁɔ̃d/ |
frondions /fʁɔ̃.djɔ̃/ |
frondiez /fʁɔ̃.dje/ |
frondent /fʁɔ̃d/ |
| imperfect2 | frondasse /fʁɔ̃.das/ |
frondasses /fʁɔ̃.das/ |
frondât /fʁɔ̃.da/ |
frondassions /fʁɔ̃.da.sjɔ̃/ |
frondassiez /fʁɔ̃.da.sje/ |
frondassent /fʁɔ̃.das/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | fronde /fʁɔ̃d/ |
— | frondons /fʁɔ̃.dɔ̃/ |
frondez /fʁɔ̃.de/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “fronder”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012