gronder
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin grundīre (“to grunt”), a form of grunnīre.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ɡʁɔ̃.de/
Audio: (file) Audio (Switzerland (Valais)): (file) Audio (France (Paris)): (file) Audio (France (Toulouse)): (file) Audio (France (Vosges)): (file) Audio (France (Vosges)): (file) Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Massy)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
[edit]gronder
- (intransitive) to rumble, roar; to growl
- (transitive) to tell off, scold, chew out
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of gronder (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | gronder | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | grondant /ɡʁɔ̃.dɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | grondé /ɡʁɔ̃.de/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | gronde /ɡʁɔ̃d/ |
grondes /ɡʁɔ̃d/ |
gronde /ɡʁɔ̃d/ |
grondons /ɡʁɔ̃.dɔ̃/ |
grondez /ɡʁɔ̃.de/ |
grondent /ɡʁɔ̃d/ |
| imperfect | grondais /ɡʁɔ̃.dɛ/ |
grondais /ɡʁɔ̃.dɛ/ |
grondait /ɡʁɔ̃.dɛ/ |
grondions /ɡʁɔ̃.djɔ̃/ |
grondiez /ɡʁɔ̃.dje/ |
grondaient /ɡʁɔ̃.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | grondai /ɡʁɔ̃.de/ |
grondas /ɡʁɔ̃.da/ |
gronda /ɡʁɔ̃.da/ |
grondâmes /ɡʁɔ̃.dam/ |
grondâtes /ɡʁɔ̃.dat/ |
grondèrent /ɡʁɔ̃.dɛʁ/ | |
| future | gronderai /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁe/ |
gronderas /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁa/ |
grondera /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁa/ |
gronderons /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
gronderez /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁe/ |
gronderont /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | gronderais /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ |
gronderais /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ |
gronderait /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ |
gronderions /ɡʁɔ̃.də.ʁjɔ̃/ |
gronderiez /ɡʁɔ̃.də.ʁje/ |
gronderaient /ɡʁɔ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | gronde /ɡʁɔ̃d/ |
grondes /ɡʁɔ̃d/ |
gronde /ɡʁɔ̃d/ |
grondions /ɡʁɔ̃.djɔ̃/ |
grondiez /ɡʁɔ̃.dje/ |
grondent /ɡʁɔ̃d/ |
| imperfect2 | grondasse /ɡʁɔ̃.das/ |
grondasses /ɡʁɔ̃.das/ |
grondât /ɡʁɔ̃.da/ |
grondassions /ɡʁɔ̃.da.sjɔ̃/ |
grondassiez /ɡʁɔ̃.da.sje/ |
grondassent /ɡʁɔ̃.das/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | gronde /ɡʁɔ̃d/ |
— | grondons /ɡʁɔ̃.dɔ̃/ |
grondez /ɡʁɔ̃.de/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
[edit]- “gronder”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012