ianuarius

See also: Ianuarius

Latin

Etymology

From the name of the god Iānus (“Janus”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /i̯aː.nuˈaː.ri.us/, [i̯äːnuˈäːriʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ja.nuˈa.ri.us/, [jänuˈäːrius]

Adjective

iānuārius (feminine iānuāria, neuter iānuārium); first/second-declension adjective

1. Of January.

Usage notes

In Latin, the month names are used as adjectives. In the Classical period, this adjective modifies a noun identifying a particular day, from which the date was reckoned. In Medieval Latin and later periods, the adjective modifies a numeral for the day of the month.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	iānuārius	iānuāria	iānuārium		iānuāriī	iānuāriae	iānuāria
Genitive	iānuāriī	iānuāriae	iānuāriī		iānuāriōrum	iānuāriārum	iānuāriōrum
Dative	iānuāriō		iānuāriō		iānuāriīs
Accusative	iānuārium	iānuāriam	iānuārium		iānuāriōs	iānuāriās	iānuāria
Ablative	iānuāriō	iānuāriā	iānuāriō		iānuāriīs
Vocative	iānuārie	iānuāria	iānuārium		iānuāriī	iānuāriae	iānuāria

Descendants

• Franco-Provençal: janviér
• Gallo-Italic
  • Emilian: znêr
  • Ligurian: zenâ
  • Lombard: zenèr
  • Piedmontese: gené
• Italo-Dalmatian
  • Corsican: ghjennaghju, ghjinnaghju
  • Italian: gennaio
  • Neapolitan: jennaro, iennaro, gennàio

    Tarantino: scennare

  • Sicilian: jinnaru, innaru
• Old French: janvier
  • Middle French: janvier
    • French: janvier
      • Haitian Creole: janvye
      • → Iranian Persian: ژانویه (žânviye)
      • → Ladino: janviye
      • → South Azerbaijani: ژانویه (janviyə)
      • → Tunisian Arabic: جانفي (jānvi)
    • Norman: janvyi, jaunvyi, djãvi
  • Walloon: djanvî
  • ⇒ Anglo-Norman: janever
    • → Middle English: Janevere
• Old Occitan:
  • Catalan: gener
  • Occitan: genièr
• Rhaeto-Romance
  • Friulian: Genâr, Zenâr
  • Ladin: jené
  • Romansch: schaner, schner
• Sardinian: gennàrgiu, gennaxu, bennarzu
• Venetian: xenaro
  • → Cimbrian: djenaro, genaaro
• West Iberian
  • Extremaduran: eneru, heneru
  • Mozarabic: يَنّايْرْ (يanːāي°r°)
  • Navarro-Aragonese:
    • Aragonese: chinero
  • Old Leonese: jenero, jeneyro
    • Asturian: xineru
    • Leonese: xineiru
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: janeyro, janeiro
    • Galician: xaneiro
    • Portuguese: janeiro (see there for further descendants)
    • → Mirandese: Janeiro
  • Old Spanish: janero, jenero, enero
    • Ladino:

      Hebrew script: גֿינירו

      Latin script: jenero

    • Spanish: enero (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings

• → Abkhaz: ажьырныҳәа (ažərnəḥʷa)
• → Afrikaans: Januarie
• → Albanian: janar
• → Amharic: ጃንዩዌሪ (ǧanyuweri)
• → Ancient Greek: Ἰανουάριος (Ianouários)
  • Byzantine Greek: Ιανουάριος (Ianouários)
    • Greek: Ιανουάριος (Ianouários)
    • → Romanian: ianuarie (also influenced by Slavic languages)
  • → Old Armenian: յունուար (yunuar), յանուար (yanuar), յունվար (yunvar), յանվար (yanvar), յունուվար (yunuvar), յունուարիոս (yunuarios)
    • Armenian: հունվար (hunvar)
• → Arabic: يناير (yanāyir)
• → Breton: Genver
• → Bulgarian: януари (januari)
• → Byzantine Greek: Γεννάριος (Gennários)
  • Greek: Γενάρης (Genáris)
    • → Aromanian: Yinar, Yenar, Yienar
    • → Romanian: ghenar
  • → Old East Slavic: генуарь (genuarĭ), генуарии (genuarii)
    • → Russian: январь (janvarʹ) (see there for further descendants)
• → Cornish: Genver, Jenver
• → Danish: januar
• → Dutch: januari
• → Dutch Low Saxon: jannewaori
• → Ewe: Yanuar
• → Faroese: januar
• → Georgian: იანვარი (ianvari)
• → Greenlandic: januaari
• → German: Januar
  • → Estonian: jaanuar
  • → Hebrew: יָנוּאָר (yánuar)
  • → Kashubian: januar
  • → Yiddish: יאַנואַר (yanuar)
• → German Low German: Januar
• → Hungarian: január
• → Icelandic: janúar
• → Irish: Eanáir
• → Kölsch: Jannowaa
• → Latvian: janvāris
• → Limburgish: jannewarie
• → Livonian: janvār
• → Lower Sorbian: januar
• → Luxembourgish: Januar
• → Macedonian: јануари (januari)
• → Maltese: Jannar
• → Middle English: Januarie, januari
  • English: January (see there for further descendants)
  • Scots: Januar
• → Middle High German: jenner
  • Alemannic German: Jänner

    Alsatian: Jänner

    Sense: Jenner, Jänner

    Swabian: Jenner

  • Bavarian: Jenna, Jänna
  • German: Jänner, Jenner
  • Rhine Franconian:

    Galician Palatine German: Jänner

    Lorraine Franconian: Jänner

    Pennsylvania German: Yenner, Yenar

• → North Frisian: janewoore
• → Norwegian: januar
• → Old Prussian: Janwārs
• → Pennsylvania German: Yanuaar
• → Plautdietsch: Jaun'woa
• → Carpathian Rusyn: януар (januar)
• → Saterland Frisian: Januoar
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: јануар

  Latin script: januar

• → Slovak: január
• → Slovene: januar
• → Samoan: janaayo
• → Swedish: januari
• → Tatar: гыйнвар (ğıynwar)
• → Upper Sorbian: januar
• → Welsh: Ionawr
• → West Flemish: januoari
• → West Frisian: jannewaris

Noun

iānuārius m (genitive iānuāriī or iānuārī); second declension

1. January, short for mēnsis iānuārius

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	iānuārius	iānuāriī
Genitive	iānuāriī iānuārī1	iānuāriōrum
Dative	iānuāriō	iānuāriīs
Accusative	iānuārium	iānuāriōs
Ablative	iānuāriō	iānuāriīs
Vocative	iānuārie	iānuāriī

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

See also

• Roman calendar on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

References

• ianuarius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• ianuarius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • Rome, January 1st: Kalendis Ianuariis Romā (dabam)