infliger

French

Etymology

From Latin īnflīgō.

Pronunciation

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Verb

infliger

1. to inflict, to impose

Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written inflige- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

Conjugation of infliger (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	infliger
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	infligeant /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		infligé /ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	inflige /ɛ̃.fliʒ/	infliges /ɛ̃.fliʒ/	inflige /ɛ̃.fliʒ/	infligeons /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɔ̃/	infligez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/	infligent /ɛ̃.fliʒ/
	imperfect	infligeais /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/	infligeais /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/	infligeait /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/	infligions /ɛ̃.fli.ʒjɔ̃/	infligiez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒje/	infligeaient /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/
	past historic2	infligeai /ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/	infligeas /ɛ̃.fli.ʒa/	infligea /ɛ̃.fli.ʒa/	infligeâmes /ɛ̃.fli.ʒam/	infligeâtes /ɛ̃.fli.ʒat/	infligèrent /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛʁ/
	future	infligerai /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁe/	infligeras /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁa/	infligera /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁa/	infligerons /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɔ̃/	infligerez /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁe/	infligeront /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	infligerais /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/	infligerais /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/	infligerait /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/	infligerions /ɛ̃.fli.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/	infligeriez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒə.ʁje/	infligeraient /ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	inflige /ɛ̃.fliʒ/	infliges /ɛ̃.fliʒ/	inflige /ɛ̃.fliʒ/	infligions /ɛ̃.fli.ʒjɔ̃/	infligiez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒje/	infligent /ɛ̃.fliʒ/
	imperfect2	infligeasse /ɛ̃.fli.ʒas/	infligeasses /ɛ̃.fli.ʒas/	infligeât /ɛ̃.fli.ʒa/	infligeassions /ɛ̃.fli.ʒa.sjɔ̃/	infligeassiez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒa.sje/	infligeassent /ɛ̃.fli.ʒas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	inflige /ɛ̃.fliʒ/	—	infligeons /ɛ̃.fli.ʒɔ̃/	infligez /ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• infliction

Further reading

• “infliger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.