shqip
Albanian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]According to Vladimir Orel, either a calque of Proto-Slavic *slověne (“Slavs”) using shqipoj (“to speak clearly”),[3] or else from shqipe, shkype, dialectal forms of shkabë (“eagle”), according to a tribal totemic belief linked to the Albanian medieval flag. Replaced the now dialectal (Arbëresh, Arvanitika) arbër, αρbε̰ρ (arbër) ~ arbën.
The first trace of the name "Shqiptar" appears at the end of the XIV century in the town of Drisht (Drivastum) of Northern Albania as a family name (1368 - 1402: Schibudar, Schepuder, Schapudar, Scapuder).
Petar Skok suggested that this word is originated from Scupi (Shkupi), the capital of the Roman province of Dardania (today's Skopje).[4] According to Petar Skok, the Albanian demonym Shkuptar (as in inhabitant of Skopje) changed to Shkiptar, which is still used among Arvanite Albanians in Greece, and later to Shqiptar.[5]
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ʃcip/, /ʃc͡ɕip/ (Standard Albanian)
- IPA(key): /ʃcip/, /ʃc͡ɕip/ (Gheg, [c]~[c͡ɕ] may merge with [t͡ɕ]~[t͡ʃ] in northern Gheg dialects)
Audio ([c]~[c͡ɕ] > [t͡ɕ]~[t͡ʃ]): (file) - IPA(key): /ʃkʲip/ (archaic, preserved in Cham)
Adjective
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Translingual: sq
Adverb
[edit]shqip[7]
- in the Albanian language
- clear, understandable, comprehensive, unequivocally
- Synonyms: qartë, kuptueshëm
- Ia tha shkurt e shqip. ― He said it short and clear.
Related terms
[edit]- Shqipëri f (“Albania”)
- shqiptar m (“albanian”), shqiptare f (“id”), Skipetár m (“id”)[8][9] (Arvanitic)
- shqipe f (“albanian”), shqipe f (“eagle”)
- shqipoj (“I say clear”) (active)
- shqipuar (“clearly said”) (participle)
- shqiptoj (“I pronounce”) (active)
- shqiptohem (“I express myself”) (passive)
- shqiptuar (“pronounced”) (participle)
- shqiptim m (“pronunciation”)
- shqipëlloj (“I explain”) (active)
- shqipëlluar (“explained”) (participle)
- shqipëllim m (“explainig”)
- shqipërim m (“translating”)
- shqipëroj (“I translate”) (active)
- shqipëruar (“translated”) (participle)
- shqiponjë f (“eagle”)
References
[edit]- ^ [1] ΔΙΑΤΑ Ε RĒ (Standard Albanian: Dhjata e Re ('The New Testament'), Konstantin Kristoforidi (Konstandin Kristoforidhi), 1872
- ^ Fialuur i voghel Sccyp e ltinisct (Small Dictionary of Albanian and Latin), page 16, by P. Jak Junkut, 1895, Sckoder
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “shqip”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 434
- ^ "ALBANCI". Enciklopedija Jugoslavije 2nd ed. Supplement. Zagreb: JLZ. 1984. p. 1.
- ^ Shqiptar on Wikipedia
- ^ Oda Buchholz, Wilfried Fiedler, Gerda Uhlisch (2000) Langenscheidt Handwörterbuch Albanisch, Langenscheidt Verlag, →ISBN, page 547 (adjective shqíp (m.), shqípe (f.))
- ^ Oda Buchholz, Wilfried Fiedler, Gerda Uhlisch (2000) Langenscheidt Handwörterbuch Albanisch, Langenscheidt Verlag, →ISBN, page 547 (adverb shqip)
- ^ William Martin-Leake (1814) Researches in Greece, John Booth, Duke Street, Portland Place, page 296 ([2] → see chapter “Romaico (greek) - Arvanetic (arvanitic) vocabulary”: Άλβανήτης, Άρβανήτης = Albanian = Skipetár)
- ^ William Martin-Leake (2010) Reasearches in Greece, Cambridge University Press, New York, USA, →ISBN, page 296 ([3] → see chapter “Romaico (greek) - Arvanetic (arvanitic) vocabulary”: Άλβανήτης, Άρβανήτης = Albanian = Skipetár)
Further reading
[edit]- [4] adjective shqip (shqipe (f.)) • Fjalor Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)
- [5] adverb shqip • Fjalor Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)
- [6] shqip • "Fjalë - Fjalor Shqip" ('Word - Albanian Dictionary')
- [7] shqip • "Shkenca" ('Science')
- [8] shqip • "Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme Shqipe - Shkenca" ('Dictionary of today's Albanian language - Science')