shuruti

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شُرُوط (šurūṭ), plural of شَرْط (šarṭ).

Adjective

shuruti (invariable)

1. compulsorily, obligatory

Verb

-shuruti (infinitive kushuruti)

1. to compel, oblige, stipulate

Usage notes

• The verb is usually used in the causative form -shurutisha.

Conjugation

Conjugation of -shuruti
Positive present -nashuruti Subjunctive -shuruti Negative -shuruti Imperative singular shuruti
Infinitives
Positive kushuruti Negative kutoshuruti
Imperatives
Singular shuruti Plural shurutini
Tensed forms
Habitual hushuruti Positive past positive subject concord + -lishuruti Negative past negative subject concord + -kushuruti
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashuruti) Singular Plural 1st person ninashuruti/nashuruti tunashuruti 2nd person unashuruti mnashuruti 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anashuruti wanashuruti other classes positive subject concord + -nashuruti
Negative present (negative subject concord + -shuruti) Singular Plural 1st person sishuruti hatushuruti 2nd person hushuruti hamshuruti 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hashuruti hawashuruti other classes negative subject concord + -shuruti
Positive future positive subject concord + -tashuruti Negative future negative subject concord + -tashuruti
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shuruti) Singular Plural 1st person nishuruti tushuruti 2nd person ushuruti mshuruti 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashuruti washuruti other classes positive subject concord + -shuruti
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sishuruti Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeshuruti Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeshuruti Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalishuruti Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalishuruti
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashuruti) Singular Plural 1st person nashuruti twashuruti 2nd person washuruti mwashuruti 3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashuruti washuruti m-mi(III/IV) washuruti yashuruti ji-ma(V/VI) lashuruti yashuruti ki-vi(VII/VIII) chashuruti vyashuruti n(IX/X) yashuruti zashuruti u(XI) washuruti see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwashuruti pa(XVI) pashuruti mu(XVIII) mwashuruti
Perfect positive subject concord + -meshuruti "Already" positive subject concord + -meshashuruti "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jashuruti "If/When" positive subject concord + -kishuruti "If not" positive subject concord + -siposhuruti Consecutive kashuruti / positive subject concord + -kashuruti Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kashuruti
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nishuruti -tushuruti 2nd person -kushuruti -washuruti/-kushurutini/-washurutini 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mshuruti -washuruti m-mi(III/IV) -ushuruti -ishuruti ji-ma(V/VI) -lishuruti -yashuruti ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kishuruti -vishuruti n(IX/X) -ishuruti -zishuruti u(XI) -ushuruti see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kushuruti pa(XVI) -pashuruti mu(XVIII) -mushuruti Reflexive -jishuruti
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shuruti- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -shurutiye -shurutio m-mi(III/IV) -shurutio -shurutiyo ji-ma(V/VI) -shurutilo -shurutiyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -shuruticho -shurutivyo n(IX/X) -shurutiyo -shurutizo u(XI) -shurutio see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -shurutiko pa(XVI) -shurutipo mu(XVIII) -shurutimo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shuruti) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yeshuruti -oshuruti m-mi(III/IV) -oshuruti -yoshuruti ji-ma(V/VI) -loshuruti -yoshuruti ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choshuruti -vyoshuruti n(IX/X) -yoshuruti -zoshuruti u(XI) -oshuruti see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -koshuruti pa(XVI) -poshuruti mu(XVIII) -moshuruti
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Causative: -shurutisha
  • Passive: -shurutiwa