trén
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *trexsnos (compare Primitive Irish ᚈᚈᚏᚓᚅᚐᚂᚒᚌᚑᚄ (ttrenalugos), ᚈᚏᚓᚅᚐᚌᚒᚄᚒ (trenagusu)), with comparative *trexsos (compare Middle Welsh trech (“stronger”); Breton trec'h (“victory”); Cornish trygh (“victorious”)); Gaulish Trexius, Trexa, Trenus), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)treg- (“to be stiff, rigid, strong”) (Old Norse þróttr (“strength”))
Pronunciation
Adjective
trén (equative tressithir, comparative tressa, superlative tressam)
Inflection
o/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | trén | trén | trén |
Vocative | tréuin* trén** | ||
Accusative | trén | tréuin | |
Genitive | tréuin | tréuine | tréuin |
Dative | trén | tréuin | trén |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | tréuin | tréna | |
Vocative | trénu tréna† | ||
Accusative | trénu tréna† | ||
Genitive | trén | ||
Dative | trénaib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
Derived terms
- treise f (“strength, vigour, power”)
Descendants
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
trén | thrén | trén pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “trén”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, pages 224, 235