ζωός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• δωός (dōós) — Cretan
• ζοός (zoós), ζόος (zóos), ζώς (zṓs), ζῶς (zôs)

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *ďōwós, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷyéh₃-w-os, from *gʷeyh₃-, whence also βίος (bíos).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /zdɔː.ós/ → /zoˈos/ → /zoˈos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /zdɔː.ós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /zoˈos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /zoˈos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /zoˈos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /zoˈos/

Adjective

ζωός • (zōós) m (feminine ζωή, neuter ζωόν); first/second declension

1. alive, living

   Synonym: ἔμπνοος (émpnoos)

Declension

First and second declension of ζωός; ζωή; ζωόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ζωός zōós	ζωή zōḗ	ζωόν zōón		ζωώ zōṓ	ζωᾱ́ zōā́	ζωώ zōṓ		ζωοί zōoí	ζωαί zōaí	ζωᾰ́ zōá
Genitive		ζωοῦ zōoû	ζωῆς zōês	ζωοῦ zōoû		ζωοῖν zōoîn	ζωαῖν zōaîn	ζωοῖν zōoîn		ζωῶν zōôn	ζωῶν zōôn	ζωῶν zōôn
Dative		ζωῷ zōôi	ζωῇ zōêi	ζωῷ zōôi		ζωοῖν zōoîn	ζωαῖν zōaîn	ζωοῖν zōoîn		ζωοῖς zōoîs	ζωαῖς zōaîs	ζωοῖς zōoîs
Accusative		ζωόν zōón	ζωήν zōḗn	ζωόν zōón		ζωώ zōṓ	ζωᾱ́ zōā́	ζωώ zōṓ		ζωούς zōoús	ζωᾱ́ς zōā́s	ζωᾰ́ zōá
Vocative		ζωέ zōé	ζωή zōḗ	ζωόν zōón		ζωώ zōṓ	ζωᾱ́ zōā́	ζωώ zōṓ		ζωοί zōoí	ζωαί zōaí	ζωᾰ́ zōá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ζωῶς zōôs				ζωότερος zōóteros				ζωότᾰτος zōótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ζῶ (zô)
• ζωγράφος (zōgráphos)
• ζωγρέω (zōgréō)

 

Further reading

• “ζωός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ζωός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ζωός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press