κόκκαλος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From κόκκος (kókkos, “grain, seed, kernel”). Compare Ancient Greek Κώκαλος (Kṓkalos).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kók.ka.los/ → /ˈko.ka.los/ → /ˈko.ka.los/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kók.ka.los/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkok.ka.los/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈko.ka.los/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈko.ka.los/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈko.ka.los/

Noun

κόκκᾰλος • (kókkalos) m (genitive κοκκᾰ́λου); second declension

1. (botany) pine kernel, the seed of the pinecone

Declension

Second declension of ὁ κόκκᾰλος; τοῦ κοκκᾰ́λου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κόκκᾰλος ho kókkalos	τὼ κοκκᾰ́λω tṑ kokkálō	οἱ κόκκᾰλοι hoi kókkaloi
Genitive	τοῦ κοκκᾰ́λου toû kokkálou	τοῖν κοκκᾰ́λοιν toîn kokkáloin	τῶν κοκκᾰ́λων tôn kokkálōn
Dative	τῷ κοκκᾰ́λῳ tôi kokkálōi	τοῖν κοκκᾰ́λοιν toîn kokkáloin	τοῖς κοκκᾰ́λοις toîs kokkálois
Accusative	τὸν κόκκᾰλον tòn kókkalon	τὼ κοκκᾰ́λω tṑ kokkálō	τοὺς κοκκᾰ́λους toùs kokkálous
Vocative	κόκκᾰλε kókkale	κοκκᾰ́λω kokkálō	κόκκᾰλοι kókkaloi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Byzantine Greek: κόκκαλον (kókkalon)
  • Greek: κόκαλο (kókalo)
  • → Romani: kòkalo, kokalo
    • → Romanian: cocal

Further reading

• “κόκκαλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• κόκκαλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette