σάνταλον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• σάνδανον (sándanon)

Etymology

From Arabic صَنْدَل (ṣandal), from Middle Persian [script needed] (cndl /⁠čandal⁠/, “sandalwood”), from Sanskrit चन्दन (candana, “sandalwood”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sán.ta.lon/ → /ˈsan.ta.lon/ → /ˈsan.da.lon/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sán.ta.lon/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsan.ta.lon/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsan.ta.lon/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsan.ta.lon/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsan.da.lon/

Noun

σᾰ́ντᾰλον • (sántalon) n (genitive σᾰντᾰ́λου); second declension

1. sandalwood (Santalum album)

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ σᾰ́ντᾰλον; τοῦ σᾰντᾰ́λου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σᾰ́ντᾰλον tò sántalon	τὼ σᾰντᾰ́λω tṑ santálō	τᾰ̀ σᾰ́ντᾰλᾰ tà sántala
Genitive	τοῦ σᾰντᾰ́λου toû santálou	τοῖν σᾰντᾰ́λοιν toîn santáloin	τῶν σᾰντᾰ́λων tôn santálōn
Dative	τῷ σᾰντᾰ́λῳ tôi santálōi	τοῖν σᾰντᾰ́λοιν toîn santáloin	τοῖς σᾰντᾰ́λοις toîs santálois
Accusative	τὸ σᾰ́ντᾰλον tò sántalon	τὼ σᾰντᾰ́λω tṑ santálō	τᾰ̀ σᾰ́ντᾰλᾰ tà sántala
Vocative	σᾰ́ντᾰλον sántalon	σᾰντᾰ́λω santálō	σᾰ́ντᾰλᾰ sántala
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• σᾰντᾰ́λῐνος (santálinos)

Descendants

• Greek: σάνταλο (sántalo)
• → Medieval Latin: sandalum (see there for further descendants)
• → Old East Slavic: сандалъ (sandalŭ)
  • Russian: санда́л (sandál), санта́л (santál)

Further reading

• “σάνταλον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σάνταλον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften