صندل

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian cndl (čandal), likely from Gandhari 𐨕𐨎𐨡𐨣 (caṃdana), from Sanskrit चन्दन (candana).

Noun

صَنْدَل • (ṣandal) m (plural صَنَادِل (ṣanādil))

2. sandalwood

Declension

Declension of noun صَنْدَل (ṣandal)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَنْدَل ṣandal	الصَّنْدَل aṣ-ṣandal	صَنْدَل ṣandal
nominative	صَنْدَلٌ ṣandalun	الصَّنْدَلُ aṣ-ṣandalu	صَنْدَلُ ṣandalu
accusative	صَنْدَلًا ṣandalan	الصَّنْدَلَ aṣ-ṣandala	صَنْدَلَ ṣandala
genitive	صَنْدَلٍ ṣandalin	الصَّنْدَلِ aṣ-ṣandali	صَنْدَلِ ṣandali
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَنْدَلَيْن ṣandalayn	الصَّنْدَلَيْن aṣ-ṣandalayn	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
nominative	صَنْدَلَانِ ṣandalāni	الصَّنْدَلَانِ aṣ-ṣandalāni	صَنْدَلَا ṣandalā
accusative	صَنْدَلَيْنِ ṣandalayni	الصَّنْدَلَيْنِ aṣ-ṣandalayni	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
genitive	صَنْدَلَيْنِ ṣandalayni	الصَّنْدَلَيْنِ aṣ-ṣandalayni	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
plural	basic broken plural diptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَنَادِل ṣanādil	الصَّنَادِل aṣ-ṣanādil	صَنَادِل ṣanādil
nominative	صَنَادِلُ ṣanādilu	الصَّنَادِلُ aṣ-ṣanādilu	صَنَادِلُ ṣanādilu
accusative	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila	الصَّنَادِلَ aṣ-ṣanādila	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila
genitive	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila	الصَّنَادِلِ aṣ-ṣanādili	صَنَادِلِ ṣanādili

Derived terms

• صَنْدَلِيَّة (ṣandaliyya, “sandalwood oil”)
• صَنْدَلِيَّات (ṣandaliyyāt, “Santalales”)

Descendants

Descendants

• → Byzantine Greek: σάνταλον (sántalon), σάνδανον (sándanon)
  • Greek: σάνταλο (sántalo)
  • → Medieval Latin: sandalum, santalum, sandalis
    • → Middle English: sandal, sandale, sandel, sandell
      • English: sandal
    • Old French: sandre
      • → Middle English: saundres, caundres, sanderes, sanders, sandres, saunders, saunderys, sawnderys, sawndres, zaunders
        • English: sanders (obsolete)
    • → French: santal
      • → English: santal
      • → Czech: santál, santal, sandál
    • → Italian: sandalo
      • → German: Sandel
    • → Translingual: Santalum
    • → Portuguese: sândalo
    • → Spanish: sándalo
  • → Old East Slavic: сандалъ (sandalŭ)
    • Russian: санда́л (sandál), санта́л (santál)
• → Persian: صندل (sandal), چندل (čandal), چندن (čandan) (inherited from Middle Persian)
  • → Middle Armenian: սանտալ (santal), սանդալ (sandal)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: संदल (sandal), सन्दल (sandal)

    Urdu: صندل (sandal)

  • → Ottoman Turkish: صندل (sendel), سندل (sendel)
    • Turkish: sandal
  • → Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਸੰਦਲ (sandal)

    Shahmukhi script: صندل (sandal)

• → Swahili: sandali

Etymology 2

A vessel already known to the Ṭūlūnids from Byzantine Greek σανδάλιον (sandálion) having both the ship and the shoe sense, diminutive of σάνδαλον (sándalon).

Noun

صَنْدَل • (ṣandal) m (plural صَنَادِل (ṣanādil))

1. sandals
2. barge, lighter, freight barge, sandal

Declension

Declension of noun صَنْدَل (ṣandal)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَنْدَل ṣandal	الصَّنْدَل aṣ-ṣandal	صَنْدَل ṣandal
nominative	صَنْدَلٌ ṣandalun	الصَّنْدَلُ aṣ-ṣandalu	صَنْدَلُ ṣandalu
accusative	صَنْدَلًا ṣandalan	الصَّنْدَلَ aṣ-ṣandala	صَنْدَلَ ṣandala
genitive	صَنْدَلٍ ṣandalin	الصَّنْدَلِ aṣ-ṣandali	صَنْدَلِ ṣandali
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَنْدَلَيْن ṣandalayn	الصَّنْدَلَيْن aṣ-ṣandalayn	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
nominative	صَنْدَلَانِ ṣandalāni	الصَّنْدَلَانِ aṣ-ṣandalāni	صَنْدَلَا ṣandalā
accusative	صَنْدَلَيْنِ ṣandalayni	الصَّنْدَلَيْنِ aṣ-ṣandalayni	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
genitive	صَنْدَلَيْنِ ṣandalayni	الصَّنْدَلَيْنِ aṣ-ṣandalayni	صَنْدَلَيْ ṣandalay
plural	basic broken plural diptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	صَنَادِل ṣanādil	الصَّنَادِل aṣ-ṣanādil	صَنَادِل ṣanādil
nominative	صَنَادِلُ ṣanādilu	الصَّنَادِلُ aṣ-ṣanādilu	صَنَادِلُ ṣanādilu
accusative	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila	الصَّنَادِلَ aṣ-ṣanādila	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila
genitive	صَنَادِلَ ṣanādila	الصَّنَادِلِ aṣ-ṣanādili	صَنَادِلِ ṣanādili

References

• Agius, Dionisius A. (2008), Classic Ships of Islam. From Mesopotamia to the Indian Ocean (Handbook of Oriental Studies; 92), Leiden: Brill, page 306
• Bramoullé, David (2019), Les Fatimides et la mer (909–1171) (Islamic History and Civilization: Studies and Texts; 165)‎^[1] (in French), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 295
• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “صندل”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[2] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 846

Moroccan Arabic

Alternative forms

• صندالة (ṣandāla)

Etymology

From Arabic صَنْدَل (ṣandal).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤan.dal/

Noun

صندل • (ṣandal) m (plural صنادل (ṣnadil))

1. sandal

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /san.ˈdal/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sän̪.d̪ál]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sän̪.d̪ál]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sän̪.d̪ál]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sän̪.d̪ál̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæn̪.d̪ǽl̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sän̪.d̪ál]

Readings
Classical reading?	sandal
Dari reading?	sandal
Iranian reading?	sandal
Tajik reading?	sandal

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic صَنْدَل (ṣandal), from Middle Persian cndl (čandal), from Sanskrit चन्दन (candana).

Alternative forms

• چندل (čandal), چندن (čandan) (inherited from Middle Persian)

Noun

صندل • (sandal) (Tajik spelling сандал)

1. sandalwood

Descendants

• → Middle Armenian: սանտալ (santal), սանդալ (sandal)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: संदल (sandal), सन्दल (sandal)

  Urdu: صندل (sandal)

• → Ottoman Turkish: صندل (sendel), سندل (sendel)
  • Turkish: sandal
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਸੰਦਲ (sandal)

  Shahmukhi script: صندل (sandal)

Etymology 2

Noun

Dari	چپلک، چپلی
Iranian Persian	صندل
Tajik	сандал, шиппак

صندل • (sandal) (Tajik spelling сандал)

1. sandal, a kind of slipper

Etymology 3

Noun

صندل • (sandal) (Tajik spelling сандал)

1. a small boat employed in carrying fresh water and victuals to ships lying at a distance from shore, a bumboat

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “صندل”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary (overall work in English), London: Routledge & K. Paul