ὑπήνη

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Ending like ἀπήνη (apḗnē), λαμπήνη (lampḗnē) and ἀνθρήνη (anthrḗnē). Traditionally explained as a compound of Proto-Indo-European *upó (“under, below”) and a root common to Sanskrit आन (āna, “face, mouth, nose”). Yet this etymology is semantically unsatisfactory and formally difficult. Alternatively, the word has often been considered to be Pre-Greek, in view of the typical substrate suffix -ήνη.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hy.pɛ̌ː.nɛː/ → /yˈpi.ni/ → /iˈpi.ni/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hy.pɛ̌ː.nɛː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)yˈpe̝.ne̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /yˈpi.ni/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /yˈpi.ni/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈpi.ni/

Noun

ὑπήνη • (hupḗnē) f (genitive ὑπήνης); first declension

1. moustache, hair on the upper lip

   Synonym: μύσταξ (mústax)

2. (in general) beard

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ὑπήνη; τῆς ὑπήνης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ὑπήνη hē hupḗnē	τὼ ὑπήνᾱ tṑ hupḗnā	αἱ ὑπῆναι hai hupênai
Genitive	τῆς ὑπήνης tês hupḗnēs	τοῖν ὑπήναιν toîn hupḗnain	τῶν ὑπηνῶν tôn hupēnôn
Dative	τῇ ὑπήνῃ têi hupḗnēi	τοῖν ὑπήναιν toîn hupḗnain	ταῖς ὑπήναις taîs hupḗnais
Accusative	τὴν ὑπήνην tḕn hupḗnēn	τὼ ὑπήνᾱ tṑ hupḗnā	τᾱ̀ς ὑπήνᾱς tā̀s hupḗnās
Vocative	ὑπήνη hupḗnē	ὑπήνᾱ hupḗnā	ὑπῆναι hupênai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀνύπηνος (anúpēnos)
• ὑπηνήτης (hupēnḗtēs)
• ὑπηνόβιος (hupēnóbios)

 

Further reading

• “ὑπήνη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ὑπήνη”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ὑπήνη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN