πέτρα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *per (“to pass over, to lead”), with the original meaning as "bedrock" and the root describing "what one comes through to."

Alternative forms

• πέτρη (Epic, Ionic)

Pronunciation

• (5th BC Attic): IPA: /pétra͜a/

• (1st BC Egyptian): IPA: /pɛ́traː/

• (4th AD Koine): IPA: /pétra/

• (10th AD Byzantine): IPA: /pétra/

• (15th AD Constantinopolitan): IPA: /pétɾa/

Noun

πέτρα (genitive πέτρας) f, first declension; (petrā)

1. rock formation: cliff, ledge, cave, ridge
2. stone (as a building material)

Inflection

First declension of πέτρᾱ, πέτρᾱς

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ πέτρᾱ	τὼ πέτρᾱ	αἱ πέτραι
Genitive	τῆς πέτρᾱς	τοῖν πέτραιν	τῶν πετρῶν
Dative	τῇ πέτρᾳ	τοῖν πέτραιν	ταῖς πέτραις
Accusative	τὴν πέτρᾱν	τὼ πέτρᾱ	τὰς πέτρᾱς
Vocative	πέτρᾱ	πέτρᾱ	πέτραι

Related terms

• πέτρος

References

• LSJ
• BDAG
• Strong’s concordance number: G4073

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Greek

Noun

πέτρα (pétra) f

1. stone
2. rock

See also

• λίθος (líthos) m