τοιόσδε

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From τοῖος (toîos, “such”) +‎ -δε (-de, deictic suffix). Compare ὅδε (hóde, “this here”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /toi̯.óz.de/ → /tyˈoz.ðe/ → /tiˈoz.ðe/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /toi̯.óz.de/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tyˈoz.de/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /tyˈoz.ðe/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /tyˈoz.ðe/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /tiˈoz.ðe/

Adjective

τοιόσδε • (toiósde) m (feminine τοιᾱ́δε, neuter τοιόνδε)

1. (proximal demonstrative adjective of quality) of this sort or kind, such
   1. (sometimes antecedent of relative adjective, τοιόσδε ... οἷος ... (toiósde ... hoîos ...), τοιόσδε ... ὅς ... (toiósde ... hós ...))
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.370–371:

        ἐπεὶ τό γε καλὸν ἀκουέμεν ἐστὶν ἀοιδοῦ
        τοιοῦδ’ οἷος ὅδ’ ἐστί, θεοῖσ’ ἐναλίγκιος αὐδήν.

        epeì tó ge kalòn akouémen estìn aoidoû
        toioûd’ hoîos hód’ estí, theoîs’ enalínkios audḗn.

        [Telemachus speaking to Penelope:]
        since it is good to listen to such a singer as this one is, in voice like the gods.

   2. (without relative pronoun)
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.205–206:

        ἀλλ’ ὅδ’ ἐγὼ τοιόσδε, παθὼν κακά, πολλὰ δ’ ἀληθείς,
        ἤλυθον εἰκοστῷ ἔτεϊ ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν.

        all’ hód’ egṑ toiósde, pathṑn kaká, pollà d’ alētheís,
        ḗluthon eikostôi éteï es patrída gaîan.

        [Odysseus reuniting with Telemachus:]
        But I here in this way, after suffering evils and wandering far,
        have come in the twentieth year to my homeland.

   3. (implying a positive or negative adjective) so great, so bad
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.799:

        ἦ μὲν δὴ μάλα πολλὰ μάχας εἰσήλυθον ἀνδρῶν
        ἀλλ’ οὔ πω τοιόνδε τοσόνδέ τε λαὸν ὄπωπα·

        ê mèn dḕ mála pollà mákhas eisḗluthon andrôn
        all’ oú pō toiónde tosóndé te laòn ópōpa;

        [Iris disguised as Polites speaking to the Trojans:]
        In my time I have gone very often to battles between men
        but have never seen such a great and numerous host as this.

   4. (indicating something immediately to come) the following
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.3.2:

        καὶ πρῶτον μὲν ἐδάκρυε πολὺν χρόνον ἑστώς· οἱ δὲ ὁρῶντες ἐθαύμαζον καὶ ἐσιώπων: εἶτα δὲ ἔλεξε τοιάδε. ἄνδρες στρατιῶται, μὴ θαυμάζετε ὅτι χαλεπῶς φέρω τοῖς παροῦσι πράγμασιν.

        kaì prôton mèn edákrue polùn khrónon hestṓs; hoi dè horôntes ethaúmazon kaì esiṓpōn: eîta dè élexe toiáde. ándres stratiôtai, mḕ thaumázete hóti khalepôs phérō toîs paroûsi prágmasin.

        And first he stood and wept for a long time. Those watching him were amazed and stayed silent. Then he said the following: Men, soldiers, do not be amazed that I take the present situation so hard.

Usage notes

Often indicates something that will be said, in contrast with τοιοῦτος (toioûtos), which indicates something that has already been said.

Declension

Irregular declension of τοιόσδε; τοιᾱ́δε; τοιόνδε (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		τοιόσδε toiósde	τοιᾱ́δε toiā́de	τοιόνδε toiónde		τοιώδε toiṓde	τοιᾱ́δε toiā́de	τοιώδε toiṓde		τοιοίδε toioíde	τοιαίδε toiaíde	τοιᾰ́δε toiáde
Genitive		τοιοῦδε toioûde	τοιᾶσδε toiâsde	τοιοῦδε toioûde		τοιοῖνδε toioînde	τοιαῖνδε toiaînde	τοιοῖνδε toioînde		τοιῶνδε toiônde	τοιῶνδε toiônde	τοιῶνδε toiônde
Dative		τοιῷδε toiôide	τοιᾷδε toiâide	τοιῷδε toiôide		τοιοῖνδε toioînde	τοιαῖνδε toiaînde	τοιοῖνδε toioînde		τοιοῖσδε toioîsde	τοιαῖσδε toiaîsde	τοιοῖσδε toioîsde
Accusative		τοιόνδε toiónde	τοιᾱ́νδε toiā́nde	τοιόνδε toiónde		τοιώδε toiṓde	τοιᾱ́δε toiā́de	τοιώδε toiṓde		τοιούσδε toioúsde	τοιᾱ́σδε toiā́sde	τοιᾰ́δε toiáde
Vocative		—	—	—		—	—	—		—	—	—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

See also

Ancient Greek correlatives ^(edit)

type	interrogative	indefinite	(medial) demonstrative	proximal demonstrative	distal demonstrative	relative	indefinite relative	identity	other
basic	τίς	τις, ἔνιοι	†ὁ, οὗτος	ὅδε	ἐκεῖνος	ὅς	ὅστις	ὁ αὐτός (αὑτός), ὁμός	ἕτερος, ἄλλος
dual	πότερος	πότερος, ποτερός				ὁπότερος
quality	ποῖος	ποιός	†τοῖος, τοιοῦτος	τοιόσδε		οἷος	ὁποῖος	ὅμοιος	ἑτεροῖος, ἀλλοῖος
quantity	πόσος	ποσός	†τόσος, τοσοῦτος	τοσόσδε		ὅσος	ὁπόσος
manner	πῶς	πως	†τώς, †ὥς, οὕτως	ὧδε		ὡς	ὅπως	ὁμῶς	ἑτέρως, ἄλλως
method, path, place	πῇ	πῃ	τῇ, ταύτῃ	τῇδε	ἐκείνῃ	ᾗ	ὅπῃ		ἄλλῃ
place	ποῦ, †πόθι	που, †ποθι	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνθάδε	ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθι	οὗ, ἔνθα, †ὅθι	ὅπου, †ὁπόθι	αὐτόθι, ὁμοῦ	ἄλλοθι
source	πόθεν	ποθεν	†τόθεν, ἔνθεν, ἐντεῦθεν	ἐνθένδε	ἐκεῖθεν	ὅθεν	ὁπόθεν	†ὁμόθεν	ἄλλοθεν
destination	ποῖ, †πόσε	ποι	ἔνθα, ἐνταῦθα	ἐνθάδε, δεῦρο	ἐκεῖσε	οἷ	ὅποι, †ὁπόσε	αὐτόσε, ὁμόσε	ἄλλοσε
time	πότε, πῆμος	ποτέ, ποτε, τοτέ, ἐνίοτε	τότε, τῆμος	τημόσδε		ὅτε, ἦμος	ὁπότε, †ὁππῆμος	ἅμα	ἄλλοτε
exact time	πηνίκα		†τηνίκα, τηνικαῦτα	τηνικάδε		ἡνίκα	ὁπηνίκα	αὐτίκα
duration of time			τέως			ἕως
size, age	πηλίκος	πηλίκος	†τηλίκος, τηλικοῦτος	τηλικόσδε		ἡλίκος	ὁπηλίκος	ὁμῆλιξ
repetition	ποσάκις, ποσίνδα	ποσάκις	τουτάκις, τοσάκις			†ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις	ὁποσάκις
multiplication	ποσαπλάσιος					ὁσαπλάσιος, ὁσαπλασίων
order	πόστος	ποστός					ὁπόστος
† Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions.

Further reading

• “τοιόσδε”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “τοιόσδε”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “τοιόσδε”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• τοιόσδε in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• τοιόσδε in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “τοιόσδε”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G5107 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • character idem, page 125.
  • kind idem, page 469.
  • nature idem, page 552.
  • sort idem, page 795.
  • such idem, page 834.