برأ

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See also: برا

Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

It is grouped at the root ب ر ء (b-r-ʔ), but borrowed from Classical Syriac ܒܪܳܐ (braʾ, “to create”). In Syriac the same root is more widespread, whereas in Arabic it is exotic – the verb appears in the Qurʾān in its finite form only in 57:22, and three times in the active participle form.

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

بَرَأَ • (baraʔa) I, non-past يَبْرَأُ‎ (yabraʔu)

  1. to create, to bring into being
    Synonyms: خَلَقَ (ḵalaqa), فَطَرَ (faṭara), أَوْجَدَ (ʔawjada)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 57:22:
      مَا أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ إِلَّا فِي كِتَابٍ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن نَّبْرَأَهَا
      mā ʔaṣāba min mmuṣībatin fī l-ʔarḍi walā fī ʔanfusikum ʔillā fī kitābin mmin qabli ʔan nnabraʔahā
      No disaster strikes upon the earth or among yourselves except that it is in a register before we bring it into being.

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of
بَرَأَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun بَرْء)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
barʔ
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
bāriʔ
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
mabrūʔ
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
baraʔtu
baraʔta
بَرَأَ

baraʔa
baraʔtumā
baraʔā
baraʔnā
baraʔtum
baraʔū
f
baraʔti
baraʔat
baraʔatā
baraʔtunna
baraʔna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔabraʔu
tabraʔu
yabraʔu
tabraʔāni
yabraʔāni
nabraʔu
tabraʔūna
yabraʔūna
f
tabraʔīna
tabraʔu
tabraʔāni
tabraʔna
yabraʔna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔabraʔa
tabraʔa
yabraʔa
tabraʔā
yabraʔā
nabraʔa
tabraʔū
yabraʔū
f
tabraʔī
tabraʔa
tabraʔā
tabraʔna
yabraʔna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔabraʔ
tabraʔ
yabraʔ
tabraʔā
yabraʔā
nabraʔ
tabraʔū
yabraʔū
f
tabraʔī
tabraʔ
tabraʔā
tabraʔna
yabraʔna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
ibraʔ
ibraʔā
ibraʔū
f
ibraʔī
ibraʔna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
buriʔtu
buriʔta
buriʔa
buriʔtumā
buriʔā
buriʔnā
buriʔtum
buriʔū
f
buriʔti
buriʔat
buriʔatā
buriʔtunna
buriʔna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔubraʔu
tubraʔu
yubraʔu
tubraʔāni
yubraʔāni
nubraʔu
tubraʔūna
yubraʔūna
f
tubraʔīna
tubraʔu
tubraʔāni
tubraʔna
yubraʔna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔubraʔa
tubraʔa
yubraʔa
tubraʔā
yubraʔā
nubraʔa
tubraʔū
yubraʔū
f
tubraʔī
tubraʔa
tubraʔā
tubraʔna
yubraʔna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔubraʔ
tubraʔ
yubraʔ
tubraʔā
yubraʔā
nubraʔ
tubraʔū
yubraʔū
f
tubraʔī
tubraʔ
tubraʔā
tubraʔna
yubraʔna

Verb[edit]

بَرَّأَ • (barraʔa) II, non-past يُبَرِّئُ‎ (yubarriʔu)

  1. to absolve, pardon, exonerate
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 33:69:
      يَا أَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَكُونُوا كَٱلَّذِينَ آذَوْا مُوسَى فَبَرَّأَهُ ٱللَّهُ مِمَّا قَالُوا
      yā ʔayyuhā llaḏīna ʔāmanū lā takūnū kallaḏīna ʔāḏaw mūsā fabarraʔahu l-lahu mimmā qālū
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of
بَرَّأَ
(form-II sound)
verbal nouns
الْمَصَادِر
tabrīʔ or tabriʔa
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
mubarriʔ
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
mubarraʔ
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
barraʔtu
barraʔta
بَرَّأَ

barraʔa
barraʔtumā
barraʔā
barraʔnā
barraʔtum
barraʔū
f
barraʔti
barraʔat
barraʔatā
barraʔtunna
barraʔna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔubarriʔu
tubarriʔu
yubarriʔu
tubarriʔāni
yubarriʔāni
nubarriʔu
tubarriʔūna
yubarriʔūna
f
tubarriʔīna
tubarriʔu
tubarriʔāni
tubarriʔna
yubarriʔna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔubarriʔa
tubarriʔa
yubarriʔa
tubarriʔā
yubarriʔā
nubarriʔa
tubarriʔū
yubarriʔū
f
tubarriʔī
tubarriʔa
tubarriʔā
tubarriʔna
yubarriʔna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔubarriʔ
tubarriʔ
yubarriʔ
tubarriʔā
yubarriʔā
nubarriʔ
tubarriʔū
yubarriʔū
f
tubarriʔī
tubarriʔ
tubarriʔā
tubarriʔna
yubarriʔna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
barriʔ
barriʔā
barriʔū
f
barriʔī
barriʔna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
burriʔtu
burriʔta
burriʔa
burriʔtumā
burriʔā
burriʔnā
burriʔtum
burriʔū
f
burriʔti
burriʔat
burriʔatā
burriʔtunna
burriʔna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔubarraʔu
tubarraʔu
yubarraʔu
tubarraʔāni
yubarraʔāni
nubarraʔu
tubarraʔūna
yubarraʔūna
f
tubarraʔīna
tubarraʔu
tubarraʔāni
tubarraʔna
yubarraʔna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔubarraʔa
tubarraʔa
yubarraʔa
tubarraʔā
yubarraʔā
nubarraʔa
tubarraʔū
yubarraʔū
f
tubarraʔī
tubarraʔa
tubarraʔā
tubarraʔna
yubarraʔna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔubarraʔ
tubarraʔ
yubarraʔ
tubarraʔā
yubarraʔā
nubarraʔ
tubarraʔū
yubarraʔū
f
tubarraʔī
tubarraʔ
tubarraʔā
tubarraʔna
yubarraʔna

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Ahrens, Karl (1930) “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎[1] (in German), volume 84, page 20
  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 75–76
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎[2] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 49
  • Schwally, Friedrich (1899) “Lexikalische Studien. (Fortsetzung.)”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎[3] (in German), volume 53, page 201
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