宿命

Chinese

		(a) night; constellation; lodge for the night (a) night; constellation; lodge for the night; old; former	life; fate
simp. and trad. (宿命)		宿	命
Literally: “predestined life”.

Etymology

Translation of Sanskrit जातिस्मर (jātismara, “recollecting a former existence; memory of previous births”). The Tibetan equivalent is ཚེ་རབས་དྲན་པ (tshe rabs dran pa).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sùmìng

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨˋ ㄇㄧㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): suk¹ ming⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sok-miā

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sùmìng
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨˋ ㄇㄧㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sùmìng
    • Wade–Giles: su⁴-ming⁴
    • Yale: sù-mìng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suhminq
    • Palladius: сумин (sumin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵¹⁻⁵³ miŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: suk¹ ming⁶
    • Yale: sūk mihng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: suk⁷ ming⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: sug¹ ming⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊk̚⁵ mɪŋ²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sok-miā
    • Tâi-lô: sok-miā
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sokmia
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ miã²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ miã⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ miã²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ miã³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ miã³³/

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• Middle Chinese: sjuwk mjaengH

Rime
Character	宿	命
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	東 (4)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	息逐切	眉病切
Baxter	sjuwk	mjaengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨuk̚/	/mˠiæŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/siuk̚/	/mᵚiaŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/siuk̚/	/miaŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/suwk̚/	/miajŋH/
Li Rong	/siuk̚/	/miɐŋH/
Wang Li	/sĭuk̚/	/mĭɐŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯uk̚/	/mi̯ɐŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	su	mìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	suk1	ming6

Noun

宿命

1. (Buddhism) destiny; fate; fatality; karma

Synonyms

• 命數／命数 (mìngshù)
• 命水 (meng⁶ seoi²) (Cantonese)
• 命途 (Hokkien)
• 命運／命运 (mìngyùn)
• 字運／字运 (cê-ông) (Eastern Min, Hokkien)
• 定數／定数 (dìngshù)
• 氣數／气数 (qìshù) (literary)
• 氣運／气运 (qìyùn) (literary or Southern Min)
• 造物 (zàowù) (obsolete)
• 運命／运命 (Hokkien, literary or Hakka)
• 運氣／运气
• 運途／运途 (Hokkien)
• 運道／运道 (yùndào)

 

Derived terms

• 宿命論／宿命论 (sùmìnglùn)
• 宿命通

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (宿命):

• → Japanese: 宿命(しゅくめい) (shukumei)
• → Korean: 숙명(宿命) (sungmyeong)
• → Vietnamese: túc mệnh (宿命)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
宿	命
しゅく Grade: 3	めい Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しゅくめー [shùkúméé] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɕɨ̥ᵝkɯ̟ᵝme̞ː]

Noun

宿(しゅく)命(めい) • (shukumei) 

1. destiny

Derived terms

• 宿命的
• 宿命論