斯坦

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (斯坦)		斯	坦

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sītǎn

  (Zhuyin): ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): si¹ taan²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): su-thán / sir-thán

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sītǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sihtǎn
    • Wade–Giles: ssŭ¹-tʻan³
    • Yale: sz̄-tǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sytaan
    • Palladius: сытань (sytanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: si¹ taan²
    • Yale: sī táan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: si¹ taan²
    • Guangdong Romanization: xi¹ tan²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su-thán
    • Tâi-lô: su-thán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: su'tarn
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su⁴⁴⁻²² tʰan⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sir-thán
    • Tâi-lô: sir-thán
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ³³ tʰan⁵⁵⁴/

Etymology 1

Ultimately from Indo-Iranian languages such as Persian ـستان (-estân), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *stáHnam. See also 震旦 (MC tsyinH tanH, “Cīnastan, abode of the Cīna”).

Suffix

斯坦

1. -stan (frequently found in country and region names of Central Asia)

   • 她對幾個斯坦鄰居更是充滿隔閡，毫無興趣。 [MSC, trad.]
     她对几个斯坦邻居更是充满隔阂，毫无兴趣。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 2018 October 15, 刘子超 (Liu Zichao), 《比什凯克　一座中亚边城的浮世绘》, in 《南方人物周刊》 [Southern People Weekly], →ISSN, issue 569, page 64

     Tā duì jǐge sītǎn línjū gèng shì chōngmǎn géhé, háowú xìngqù. [Pinyin]

     She feels there's even a barrier between her few -stan neighbors, apathetic to them.

2. (often humorous) Used to form fictitious or metaphoric country names, often with a connotation of it being an exotic or hostile country.

   安資斯坦／安资斯坦  ―  ānzīsītǎn  ―  Ancapistan

3. (neologism, derogatory, ethnic slur) -stan (used after European and American place names to emphasize that there are many Middle Easterners or Muslims there)

   法蘭西斯坦／法兰西斯坦  ―  Fǎlánxīsītǎn  ―  Francostan (France)

Usage notes

• 巴勒斯坦 (Bālèsītǎn) also ends with 斯坦, but it is not formed with this suffix.

Derived terms

• 俾路支斯坦 (Bǐlùzhīsītǎn)
• 印度斯坦 (Yìndùsītǎn)
• 吉爾吉斯斯坦／吉尔吉斯斯坦 (Jí'ěrjísīsītǎn)
• 哈薩克斯坦／哈萨克斯坦
• 土庫曼斯坦／土库曼斯坦 (Tǔkùmànsītǎn)
• 塔吉克斯坦 (Tǎjíkèsītǎn)
• 塔塔爾斯坦／塔塔尔斯坦
• 巴基斯坦 (Bājīsītǎn)
• 巴爾蒂斯坦／巴尔蒂斯坦 (Bā'ěrdìsītǎn)
• 庫爾德斯坦／库尔德斯坦 (Kù'ěrdésītǎn)
• 拉賈斯坦／拉贾斯坦
• 烏茲別克斯坦／乌兹别克斯坦 (Wūzībiékèsītǎn)
• 班圖斯坦／班图斯坦 (bāntúsītǎn)
• 突厥斯坦 (tūjuésītǎn)
• 維吾爾斯坦／维吾尔斯坦 (Wéiwú'ěrsītǎn)
• 興都斯坦／兴都斯坦 (Xīngdūsītǎn)
• 達吉斯坦／达吉斯坦 (Dájísītǎn)
• 韃靼斯坦／鞑靼斯坦 (Dádásītǎn)

 

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English Stan.

Proper noun

斯坦

1. Stan (a male given name in English)

Etymology 3

From German Stein.

Suffix

斯坦

1. -stein (stone, often appearing as a part of a geographical or personal name)

Derived terms

• 伯恩斯坦 (Bó'ēnsītǎn)
• 愛因斯坦／爱因斯坦 (Àiyīnsītǎn)
• 溫斯坦／温斯坦
• 維根斯坦／维根斯坦 (Wéigēnsītǎn)
• 霍爾斯坦／霍尔斯坦

 

Etymology 4

From French Stains.

Proper noun

斯坦

1. Stains (a city in France)