気付く
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Japanese[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
気 | 付 |
き Grade: 1 |
つ > づ Grade: 4 |
kan’on | kun’yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
氣付く (kyūjitai) 気づく |
Etymology[edit]
Compound of 気 (ki, “awareness”) + 付く (tsuku, “to stick, to attach, to turn on”).[1][2][3][4] The tsuku reading for 付く changes to zuku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation[edit]
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "気付く"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
気付く | きづく | [kìzúꜜkù] |
Imperative (命令形) | 気付け | きづけ | [kìzúꜜkè] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 気付かれる | きづかれる | [kìzúkáréꜜrù] |
Causative | 気付かせる | きづかせる | [kìzúkáséꜜrù] |
Potential | 気付ける | きづける | [kìzúkéꜜrù] |
Volitional | 気付こう | きづこー | [kìzúkóꜜò] |
Negative | 気付かない | きづかない | [kìzúkáꜜnàì] |
Negative perfective | 気付かなかった | きづかなかった | [kìzúkáꜜnàkàttà] |
Formal | 気付きます | きづきます | [kìzúkímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 気付いた | きづいた | [kìzúꜜìtà] |
Conjunctive | 気付いて | きづいて | [kìzúꜜìtè] |
Hypothetical conditional | 気付けば | きづけば | [kìzúꜜkèbà] |
Verb[edit]
気付く • (kizuku) intransitive godan (stem 気付き (kizuki), past 気付いた (kizuita))
Usage notes[edit]
Although the English gloss to notice is transitive, note that 気付く (kizuku) is intransitive. The verb can take an indirect object, marked with the particle に (ni), as in the examples above.
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of "気付く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 気付か | きづか | kizuka |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 気付き | きづき | kizuki |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 気付く | きづく | kizuku |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 気付く | きづく | kizuku |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 気付け | きづけ | kizuke |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 気付け | きづけ | kizuke |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 気付かれる | きづかれる | kizukareru |
Causative | 気付かせる 気付かす |
きづかせる きづかす |
kizukaseru kizukasu |
Potential | 気付ける | きづける | kizukeru |
Volitional | 気付こう | きづこう | kizukō |
Negative | 気付かない | きづかない | kizukanai |
Negative continuative | 気付かず | きづかず | kizukazu |
Formal | 気付きます | きづきます | kizukimasu |
Perfective | 気付いた | きづいた | kizuita |
Conjunctive | 気付いて | きづいて | kizuite |
Hypothetical conditional | 気付けば | きづけば | kizukeba |
References[edit]
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 気 read as き
- Japanese terms spelled with 付 read as つ
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with rendaku
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese type 1 verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters
- Japanese terms with usage examples