Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kōlnaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *kōlaz +‎ *-naną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɔːl.nɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kōlnaną

1. to become colder, cool, cool down

Inflection

Conjugation of *kōlnaną (weak class 4)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kōlnō	*kōlnaų	—	—	—
2nd singular	*kōlnōsi	*kōlnais	*kōlnō	—	—
3rd singular	*kōlnōþi	*kōlnai	*kōlnōþau	—	—
1st dual	*kōlnōs	*kōlnaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*kōlnaþiz	*kōlnaiþiz	*kōlnaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*kōlnamaz	*kōlnaim	—	—	—
2nd plural	*kōlnaþ	*kōlnaiþ	*kōlnaþ	—	—
3rd plural	*kōlnanþi	*kōlnain	*kōlnanþau	—	—
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kōlnōdǭ	*kōlnōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*kōlnōdēz	*kōlnōdēdīz
3rd singular	*kōlnōdē	*kōlnōdēdī
1st dual	*kōlnōdēdū	*kōlnōdēdīw
2nd dual	*kōlnōdēdudiz	*kōlnōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*kōlnōdēdum	*kōlnōdēdīm
2nd plural	*kōlnōdēdud	*kōlnōdēdīd
3rd plural	*kōlnōdēdun	*kōlnōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*kōlnandz	—

Related terms

• *kalaną
• *kaldaz

Descendants

• Old Norse: kólna
  • Icelandic: kólna
  • Faroese: kólna
  • Norwegian:
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: kolne, kolna
  • Old Swedish: kōlna, kūlna
  • Old Danish: kōlnæ
  • Gutnish: kålne
  • Scanian: kulna