Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lizaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(le-)lóys-e, stative from the root *leys- (“track, furrow, trace, trail”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈli.zɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*lizaną

1. (East Germanic) to know, to be familiar with, to understand

Inflection

Conjugation of *lizaną (preterite-present)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*lais	*lizį̄	—	—	—
2nd singular	*laist	*lizīz	—	—	—
3rd singular	*lais	*lizī	—	—	—
1st dual	*lizū	*lizīw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*lizudiz	*lizīdiz	—	—	—
1st plural	*lizum	*lizīm	—	—	—
2nd plural	*lizud	*lizīd	—	—	—
3rd plural	*lizun	*lizīn	—	—	—
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*listǭ	*listēdį̄
2nd singular	*listēz	*listēdīz
3rd singular	*listē	*listēdī
1st dual	*listēdū	*listēdīw
2nd dual	*listēdudiz	*listēdīdiz
1st plural	*listēdum	*listēdīm
2nd plural	*listēdud	*listēdīd
3rd plural	*listēdun	*listēdīn
	present	past
participles	*lizandz	*listaz

Alternative reconstructions

• *lisaną

Usage notes

This was likely already a rare word in Proto-Germanic, as it survives only in a single direct attestation in Gothic. However, the verb survives indirectly in the derived causative *laizijaną (“to teach”) and the Proto-West Germanic fientive *liʀnōn (“to learn”) and therefore its existence can be reconstructed securely. The forms given here are uncertain however.

Derived terms

• *laizijaną
• *līsaz
• Proto-West Germanic: *liʀnōn

Related terms

• *listiz

Descendants

• Gothic: 𐌻𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (lisan)