cwyno

Welsh

Etymology

From cwyn (“complaint”) +‎ -o.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkʊɨ̯nɔ/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkʊi̯nɔ/

Verb

cwyno (first-person singular present cwynaf) (transitive, intransitive)

1. to complain, lament, bemoan; to mourn; to condole with, pity; to complain of illness, be ailing
2. to complain of; to grieve on account of, bemoan; to mourn for
3. to sue in a law-court, commence a lawsuit, take legal action

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	cwynaf	cwyni	cwyn, cwyna	cwynwn	cwynwch	cwynant	cwynir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	cwynwn	cwynit	cwynai	cwynem	cwynech	cwynent	cwynid
preterite	cwynais	cwynaist	cwynodd	cwynasom	cwynasoch	cwynasant	cwynwyd
pluperfect	cwynaswn	cwynasit	cwynasai	cwynasem	cwynasech	cwynasent	cwynasid, cwynesid
present subjunctive	cwynwyf	cwynych	cwyno	cwynom	cwynoch	cwynont	cwyner
imperative	—	cwyn, cwyna	cwyned	cwynwn	cwynwch	cwynent	cwyner
verbal noun	cwyno
verbal adjectives	cwynedig

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cwyno	gwyno	nghwyno	chwyno
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cwnaf, cwniaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies