grammaticaliser

French

Etymology

From grammatical +‎ -iser.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.ze/, /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.ze/

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

grammaticaliser

1. to grammaticalize

Conjugation

Conjugation of grammaticaliser (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	grammaticaliser
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	grammaticalisant /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zɑ̃/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		grammaticalisé /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.ze/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.ze/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	grammaticalise /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz/	grammaticalises /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz/	grammaticalise /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz/	grammaticalisons /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zɔ̃/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zɔ̃/	grammaticalisez /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.ze/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.ze/	grammaticalisent /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz/
	imperfect	grammaticalisais /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zɛ/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zɛ/	grammaticalisais /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zɛ/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zɛ/	grammaticalisait /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zɛ/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zɛ/	grammaticalisions /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zjɔ̃/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zjɔ̃/	grammaticalisiez /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zje/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zje/	grammaticalisaient /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zɛ/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zɛ/
	past historic2	grammaticalisai /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.ze/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.ze/	grammaticalisas /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.za/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.za/	grammaticalisa /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.za/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.za/	grammaticalisâmes /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zam/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zam/	grammaticalisâtes /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zat/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zat/	grammaticalisèrent /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zɛʁ/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zɛʁ/
	future	grammaticaliserai /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁe/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁe/	grammaticaliseras /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁa/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁa/	grammaticalisera /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁa/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁa/	grammaticaliserons /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɔ̃/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɔ̃/	grammaticaliserez /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁe/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁe/	grammaticaliseront /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɔ̃/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	grammaticaliserais /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɛ/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɛ/	grammaticaliserais /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɛ/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɛ/	grammaticaliserait /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɛ/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɛ/	grammaticaliserions /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zə.ʁjɔ̃/	grammaticaliseriez /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zə.ʁje/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zə.ʁje/	grammaticaliseraient /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɛ/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	grammaticalise /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz/	grammaticalises /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz/	grammaticalise /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz/	grammaticalisions /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zjɔ̃/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zjɔ̃/	grammaticalisiez /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zje/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zje/	grammaticalisent /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz/
	imperfect2	grammaticalisasse /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zas/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zas/	grammaticalisasses /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zas/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zas/	grammaticalisât /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.za/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.za/	grammaticalisassions /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.za.sjɔ̃/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.za.sjɔ̃/	grammaticalisassiez /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.za.sje/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.za.sje/	grammaticalisassent /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zas/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	grammaticalise /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.liz/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.liz/	—	grammaticalisons /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.zɔ̃/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.zɔ̃/	grammaticalisez /ɡʁa.ma.ti.ka.li.ze/ or /ɡʁam.ma.ti.ka.li.ze/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “grammaticaliser”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.