paenitentia

Latin

Alternative forms

• poenitentia
• penitentia

Etymology

From paenitēns (“repenting”), present active participle of paeniteō (“regret, repent”). In the Vulgate, used as the translation of Ancient Greek μετάνοια (metánoia, “repentance”), and found in the phrase paenitentiam ago (“do penance”) as a translation of μετανοέω (metanoéō, “repent”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /pae̯.niˈten.ti.a/, [päe̯nɪˈt̪ɛn̪t̪iä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /pe.niˈten.t͡si.a/, [peniˈt̪ɛnt̪͡s̪iä]

Noun

paenitentia f (genitive paenitentiae); first declension

1. repentance, penitence, regret
2. (Ecclesiastical Latin) penance

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	paenitentia	paenitentiae
Genitive	paenitentiae	paenitentiārum
Dative	paenitentiae	paenitentiīs
Accusative	paenitentiam	paenitentiās
Ablative	paenitentiā	paenitentiīs
Vocative	paenitentia	paenitentiae

Synonyms

• (repentance): paenitūdō, resipīscentia

Derived terms

• paenitentiālis

Related terms

• paenitendus
• paenitēns
• paeniteō
• paenitūdō

Descendants

• Asturian: penitencia
• Catalan: penitència
• Emilian: penitänza
• Old French: penitence, peneance
  • French: pénitence
  • → English: penitence, penance
• Friulian: penitince
• → German: Pönitenz
• Guinea-Bissau Creole: penitensa
• Italian: penitenza
• Karipúna Creole French: penitãs
• Ladin: penitenza
• Mirandese: peniténcia
• Old Galician-Portuguese: pẽedença
  • Galician: pedenza, → penitencia
  • Portuguese: pendença, → penitência
• Piedmontese: penitensa
• Romanian: penitență
• Sardinian: peneténscia, peneténtzia, penetéscia, peniténscia, peniténtzia, penitéssia
• Spanish: penitencia

Participle

paenitentia

1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural of paenitēns

References

• “paenitentia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “paenitentia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• paenitentia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.