Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukuqhephuka
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuqhephuka
|
ukungaqhephuki
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
qhephuka
|
-qhephuke
|
Plural
|
qhephukani
|
-qhephukeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyaqhephuka, ngiqhephuka
|
engiqhephukayo, engiqhephuka
|
ngiqhephuka
|
angiqhephuki
|
engingaqhephuki
|
ngingaqhephuki
|
2nd singular
|
uyaqhephuka, uqhephuka
|
oqhephukayo, oqhephuka
|
uqhephuka
|
awuqhephuki
|
ongaqhephuki
|
ungaqhephuki
|
1st plural
|
siyaqhephuka, siqhephuka
|
esiqhephukayo, esiqhephuka
|
siqhephuka
|
asiqhephuki
|
esingaqhephuki
|
singaqhephuki
|
2nd plural
|
niyaqhephuka, niqhephuka
|
eniqhephukayo, eniqhephuka
|
niqhephuka
|
aniqhephuki
|
eningaqhephuki
|
ningaqhephuki
|
Class 1
|
uyaqhephuka, uqhephuka
|
oqhephukayo, oqhephuka
|
eqhephuka
|
akaqhephuki
|
ongaqhephuki
|
engaqhephuki
|
Class 2
|
bayaqhephuka, baqhephuka
|
abaqhephukayo, abaqhephuka
|
beqhephuka
|
abaqhephuki
|
abangaqhephuki
|
bengaqhephuki
|
Class 3
|
uyaqhephuka, uqhephuka
|
oqhephukayo, oqhephuka
|
uqhephuka
|
awuqhephuki
|
ongaqhephuki
|
ungaqhephuki
|
Class 4
|
iyaqhephuka, iqhephuka
|
eqhephukayo, eqhephuka
|
iqhephuka
|
ayiqhephuki
|
engaqhephuki
|
ingaqhephuki
|
Class 5
|
liyaqhephuka, liqhephuka
|
eliqhephukayo, eliqhephuka
|
liqhephuka
|
aliqhephuki
|
elingaqhephuki
|
lingaqhephuki
|
Class 6
|
ayaqhephuka, aqhephuka
|
aqhephukayo, aqhephuka
|
eqhephuka
|
awaqhephuki
|
angaqhephuki
|
engaqhephuki
|
Class 7
|
siyaqhephuka, siqhephuka
|
esiqhephukayo, esiqhephuka
|
siqhephuka
|
asiqhephuki
|
esingaqhephuki
|
singaqhephuki
|
Class 8
|
ziyaqhephuka, ziqhephuka
|
eziqhephukayo, eziqhephuka
|
ziqhephuka
|
aziqhephuki
|
ezingaqhephuki
|
zingaqhephuki
|
Class 9
|
iyaqhephuka, iqhephuka
|
eqhephukayo, eqhephuka
|
iqhephuka
|
ayiqhephuki
|
engaqhephuki
|
ingaqhephuki
|
Class 10
|
ziyaqhephuka, ziqhephuka
|
eziqhephukayo, eziqhephuka
|
ziqhephuka
|
aziqhephuki
|
ezingaqhephuki
|
zingaqhephuki
|
Class 11
|
luyaqhephuka, luqhephuka
|
oluqhephukayo, oluqhephuka
|
luqhephuka
|
aluqhephuki
|
olungaqhephuki
|
lungaqhephuki
|
Class 14
|
buyaqhephuka, buqhephuka
|
obuqhephukayo, obuqhephuka
|
buqhephuka
|
abuqhephuki
|
obungaqhephuki
|
bungaqhephuki
|
Class 15
|
kuyaqhephuka, kuqhephuka
|
okuqhephukayo, okuqhephuka
|
kuqhephuka
|
akuqhephuki
|
okungaqhephuki
|
kungaqhephuki
|
Class 17
|
kuyaqhephuka, kuqhephuka
|
okuqhephukayo, okuqhephuka
|
kuqhephuka
|
akuqhephuki
|
okungaqhephuki
|
kungaqhephuki
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiqhephukile, ngiqhephukē
|
engiqhephukile, engiqhephukē
|
ngiqhephukile, ngiqhephukē
|
angiqhephukanga
|
engingaqhephukanga
|
ngingaqhephukanga
|
2nd singular
|
uqhephukile, uqhephukē
|
oqhephukile, oqhephukē
|
uqhephukile, uqhephukē
|
awuqhephukanga
|
ongaqhephukanga
|
ungaqhephukanga
|
1st plural
|
siqhephukile, siqhephukē
|
esiqhephukile, esiqhephukē
|
siqhephukile, siqhephukē
|
asiqhephukanga
|
esingaqhephukanga
|
singaqhephukanga
|
2nd plural
|
niqhephukile, niqhephukē
|
eniqhephukile, eniqhephukē
|
niqhephukile, niqhephukē
|
aniqhephukanga
|
eningaqhephukanga
|
ningaqhephukanga
|
Class 1
|
uqhephukile, uqhephukē
|
oqhephukile, oqhephukē
|
eqhephukile, eqhephukē
|
akaqhephukanga
|
ongaqhephukanga
|
engaqhephukanga
|
Class 2
|
baqhephukile, baqhephukē
|
abaqhephukile, abaqhephukē
|
beqhephukile, beqhephukē
|
abaqhephukanga
|
abangaqhephukanga
|
bengaqhephukanga
|
Class 3
|
uqhephukile, uqhephukē
|
oqhephukile, oqhephukē
|
uqhephukile, uqhephukē
|
awuqhephukanga
|
ongaqhephukanga
|
ungaqhephukanga
|
Class 4
|
iqhephukile, iqhephukē
|
eqhephukile, eqhephukē
|
iqhephukile, iqhephukē
|
ayiqhephukanga
|
engaqhephukanga
|
ingaqhephukanga
|
Class 5
|
liqhephukile, liqhephukē
|
eliqhephukile, eliqhephukē
|
liqhephukile, liqhephukē
|
aliqhephukanga
|
elingaqhephukanga
|
lingaqhephukanga
|
Class 6
|
aqhephukile, aqhephukē
|
aqhephukile, aqhephukē
|
eqhephukile, eqhephukē
|
awaqhephukanga
|
angaqhephukanga
|
engaqhephukanga
|
Class 7
|
siqhephukile, siqhephukē
|
esiqhephukile, esiqhephukē
|
siqhephukile, siqhephukē
|
asiqhephukanga
|
esingaqhephukanga
|
singaqhephukanga
|
Class 8
|
ziqhephukile, ziqhephukē
|
eziqhephukile, eziqhephukē
|
ziqhephukile, ziqhephukē
|
aziqhephukanga
|
ezingaqhephukanga
|
zingaqhephukanga
|
Class 9
|
iqhephukile, iqhephukē
|
eqhephukile, eqhephukē
|
iqhephukile, iqhephukē
|
ayiqhephukanga
|
engaqhephukanga
|
ingaqhephukanga
|
Class 10
|
ziqhephukile, ziqhephukē
|
eziqhephukile, eziqhephukē
|
ziqhephukile, ziqhephukē
|
aziqhephukanga
|
ezingaqhephukanga
|
zingaqhephukanga
|
Class 11
|
luqhephukile, luqhephukē
|
oluqhephukile, oluqhephukē
|
luqhephukile, luqhephukē
|
aluqhephukanga
|
olungaqhephukanga
|
lungaqhephukanga
|
Class 14
|
buqhephukile, buqhephukē
|
obuqhephukile, obuqhephukē
|
buqhephukile, buqhephukē
|
abuqhephukanga
|
obungaqhephukanga
|
bungaqhephukanga
|
Class 15
|
kuqhephukile, kuqhephukē
|
okuqhephukile, okuqhephukē
|
kuqhephukile, kuqhephukē
|
akuqhephukanga
|
okungaqhephukanga
|
kungaqhephukanga
|
Class 17
|
kuqhephukile, kuqhephukē
|
okuqhephukile, okuqhephukē
|
kuqhephukile, kuqhephukē
|
akuqhephukanga
|
okungaqhephukanga
|
kungaqhephukanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāqhephuka
|
engāqhephuka
|
ngāqhephuka
|
angiqhephukanga
|
engingaqhephukanga
|
ngingaqhephukanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāqhephuka
|
owāqhephuka
|
wāqhephuka
|
awuqhephukanga
|
ongaqhephukanga
|
ungaqhephukanga
|
1st plural
|
sāqhephuka
|
esāqhephuka
|
sāqhephuka
|
asiqhephukanga
|
esingaqhephukanga
|
singaqhephukanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāqhephuka
|
enāqhephuka
|
nāqhephuka
|
aniqhephukanga
|
eningaqhephukanga
|
ningaqhephukanga
|
Class 1
|
wāqhephuka
|
owāqhephuka
|
āqhephuka
|
akaqhephukanga
|
ongaqhephukanga
|
engaqhephukanga
|
Class 2
|
bāqhephuka
|
abāqhephuka
|
bāqhephuka
|
abaqhephukanga
|
abangaqhephukanga
|
bengaqhephukanga
|
Class 3
|
wāqhephuka
|
owāqhephuka
|
wāqhephuka
|
awuqhephukanga
|
ongaqhephukanga
|
ungaqhephukanga
|
Class 4
|
yāqhephuka
|
eyāqhephuka
|
yāqhephuka
|
ayiqhephukanga
|
engaqhephukanga
|
ingaqhephukanga
|
Class 5
|
lāqhephuka
|
elāqhephuka
|
lāqhephuka
|
aliqhephukanga
|
elingaqhephukanga
|
lingaqhephukanga
|
Class 6
|
āqhephuka
|
āqhephuka
|
āqhephuka
|
awaqhephukanga
|
angaqhephukanga
|
engaqhephukanga
|
Class 7
|
sāqhephuka
|
esāqhephuka
|
sāqhephuka
|
asiqhephukanga
|
esingaqhephukanga
|
singaqhephukanga
|
Class 8
|
zāqhephuka
|
ezāqhephuka
|
zāqhephuka
|
aziqhephukanga
|
ezingaqhephukanga
|
zingaqhephukanga
|
Class 9
|
yāqhephuka
|
eyāqhephuka
|
yāqhephuka
|
ayiqhephukanga
|
engaqhephukanga
|
ingaqhephukanga
|
Class 10
|
zāqhephuka
|
ezāqhephuka
|
zāqhephuka
|
aziqhephukanga
|
ezingaqhephukanga
|
zingaqhephukanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāqhephuka
|
olwāqhephuka
|
lwāqhephuka
|
aluqhephukanga
|
olungaqhephukanga
|
lungaqhephukanga
|
Class 14
|
bāqhephuka
|
obāqhephuka
|
bāqhephuka
|
abuqhephukanga
|
obungaqhephukanga
|
bungaqhephukanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāqhephuka
|
okwāqhephuka
|
kwāqhephuka
|
akuqhephukanga
|
okungaqhephukanga
|
kungaqhephukanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāqhephuka
|
okwāqhephuka
|
kwāqhephuka
|
akuqhephukanga
|
okungaqhephukanga
|
kungaqhephukanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingaqhephuka
|
—
|
ngingaqhephuka
|
ngingeqhephuke
|
—
|
ngingeqhephuke
|
2nd singular
|
ungaqhephuka
|
—
|
ungaqhephuka
|
ungeqhephuke
|
—
|
ungeqhephuke
|
1st plural
|
singaqhephuka
|
—
|
singaqhephuka
|
singeqhephuke
|
—
|
singeqhephuke
|
2nd plural
|
ningaqhephuka
|
—
|
ningaqhephuka
|
ningeqhephuke
|
—
|
ningeqhephuke
|
Class 1
|
angaqhephuka
|
—
|
engaqhephuka
|
angeqhephuke
|
—
|
engeqhephuke
|
Class 2
|
bangaqhephuka
|
—
|
bengaqhephuka
|
bangeqhephuke
|
—
|
bengeqhephuke
|
Class 3
|
ungaqhephuka
|
—
|
ungaqhephuka
|
ungeqhephuke
|
—
|
ungeqhephuke
|
Class 4
|
ingaqhephuka
|
—
|
ingaqhephuka
|
ingeqhephuke
|
—
|
ingeqhephuke
|
Class 5
|
lingaqhephuka
|
—
|
lingaqhephuka
|
lingeqhephuke
|
—
|
lingeqhephuke
|
Class 6
|
angaqhephuka
|
—
|
engaqhephuka
|
angeqhephuke
|
—
|
engeqhephuke
|
Class 7
|
singaqhephuka
|
—
|
singaqhephuka
|
singeqhephuke
|
—
|
singeqhephuke
|
Class 8
|
zingaqhephuka
|
—
|
zingaqhephuka
|
zingeqhephuke
|
—
|
zingeqhephuke
|
Class 9
|
ingaqhephuka
|
—
|
ingaqhephuka
|
ingeqhephuke
|
—
|
ingeqhephuke
|
Class 10
|
zingaqhephuka
|
—
|
zingaqhephuka
|
zingeqhephuke
|
—
|
zingeqhephuke
|
Class 11
|
lungaqhephuka
|
—
|
lungaqhephuka
|
lungeqhephuke
|
—
|
lungeqhephuke
|
Class 14
|
bungaqhephuka
|
—
|
bungaqhephuka
|
bungeqhephuke
|
—
|
bungeqhephuke
|
Class 15
|
kungaqhephuka
|
—
|
kungaqhephuka
|
kungeqhephuke
|
—
|
kungeqhephuke
|
Class 17
|
kungaqhephuka
|
—
|
kungaqhephuka
|
kungeqhephuke
|
—
|
kungeqhephuke
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizoqhephuka
|
engizoqhephuka
|
ngizoqhephuka
|
angizuqhephuka
|
engingezuqhephuka
|
ngingezuqhephuka
|
2nd singular
|
uzoqhephuka
|
ozoqhephuka
|
uzoqhephuka
|
awuzuqhephuka
|
ongezuqhephuka
|
ungezuqhephuka
|
1st plural
|
sizoqhephuka
|
esizoqhephuka
|
sizoqhephuka
|
asizuqhephuka
|
esingezuqhephuka
|
singezuqhephuka
|
2nd plural
|
nizoqhephuka
|
enizoqhephuka
|
nizoqhephuka
|
anizuqhephuka
|
eningezuqhephuka
|
ningezuqhephuka
|
Class 1
|
uzoqhephuka
|
ozoqhephuka
|
ezoqhephuka
|
akazuqhephuka
|
ongezuqhephuka
|
engezuqhephuka
|
Class 2
|
bazoqhephuka
|
abazoqhephuka
|
bezoqhephuka
|
abazuqhephuka
|
abangezuqhephuka
|
bengezuqhephuka
|
Class 3
|
uzoqhephuka
|
ozoqhephuka
|
uzoqhephuka
|
awuzuqhephuka
|
ongezuqhephuka
|
ungezuqhephuka
|
Class 4
|
izoqhephuka
|
ezoqhephuka
|
izoqhephuka
|
ayizuqhephuka
|
engezuqhephuka
|
ingezuqhephuka
|
Class 5
|
lizoqhephuka
|
elizoqhephuka
|
lizoqhephuka
|
alizuqhephuka
|
elingezuqhephuka
|
lingezuqhephuka
|
Class 6
|
azoqhephuka
|
azoqhephuka
|
ezoqhephuka
|
awazuqhephuka
|
angezuqhephuka
|
engezuqhephuka
|
Class 7
|
sizoqhephuka
|
esizoqhephuka
|
sizoqhephuka
|
asizuqhephuka
|
esingezuqhephuka
|
singezuqhephuka
|
Class 8
|
zizoqhephuka
|
ezizoqhephuka
|
zizoqhephuka
|
azizuqhephuka
|
ezingezuqhephuka
|
zingezuqhephuka
|
Class 9
|
izoqhephuka
|
ezoqhephuka
|
izoqhephuka
|
ayizuqhephuka
|
engezuqhephuka
|
ingezuqhephuka
|
Class 10
|
zizoqhephuka
|
ezizoqhephuka
|
zizoqhephuka
|
azizuqhephuka
|
ezingezuqhephuka
|
zingezuqhephuka
|
Class 11
|
luzoqhephuka
|
oluzoqhephuka
|
luzoqhephuka
|
aluzuqhephuka
|
olungezuqhephuka
|
lungezuqhephuka
|
Class 14
|
buzoqhephuka
|
obuzoqhephuka
|
buzoqhephuka
|
abuzuqhephuka
|
obungezuqhephuka
|
bungezuqhephuka
|
Class 15
|
kuzoqhephuka
|
okuzoqhephuka
|
kuzoqhephuka
|
akuzuqhephuka
|
okungezuqhephuka
|
kungezuqhephuka
|
Class 17
|
kuzoqhephuka
|
okuzoqhephuka
|
kuzoqhephuka
|
akuzuqhephuka
|
okungezuqhephuka
|
kungezuqhephuka
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyoqhephuka
|
engiyoqhephuka
|
ngiyoqhephuka
|
angiyuqhephuka
|
engingeyuqhephuka
|
ngingeyuqhephuka
|
2nd singular
|
uyoqhephuka
|
oyoqhephuka
|
uyoqhephuka
|
awuyuqhephuka
|
ongeyuqhephuka
|
ungeyuqhephuka
|
1st plural
|
siyoqhephuka
|
esiyoqhephuka
|
siyoqhephuka
|
asiyuqhephuka
|
esingeyuqhephuka
|
singeyuqhephuka
|
2nd plural
|
niyoqhephuka
|
eniyoqhephuka
|
niyoqhephuka
|
aniyuqhephuka
|
eningeyuqhephuka
|
ningeyuqhephuka
|
Class 1
|
uyoqhephuka
|
oyoqhephuka
|
eyoqhephuka
|
akayuqhephuka
|
ongeyuqhephuka
|
engeyuqhephuka
|
Class 2
|
bayoqhephuka
|
abayoqhephuka
|
beyoqhephuka
|
abayuqhephuka
|
abangeyuqhephuka
|
bengeyuqhephuka
|
Class 3
|
uyoqhephuka
|
oyoqhephuka
|
uyoqhephuka
|
awuyuqhephuka
|
ongeyuqhephuka
|
ungeyuqhephuka
|
Class 4
|
iyoqhephuka
|
eyoqhephuka
|
iyoqhephuka
|
ayiyuqhephuka
|
engeyuqhephuka
|
ingeyuqhephuka
|
Class 5
|
liyoqhephuka
|
eliyoqhephuka
|
liyoqhephuka
|
aliyuqhephuka
|
elingeyuqhephuka
|
lingeyuqhephuka
|
Class 6
|
ayoqhephuka
|
ayoqhephuka
|
eyoqhephuka
|
awayuqhephuka
|
angeyuqhephuka
|
engeyuqhephuka
|
Class 7
|
siyoqhephuka
|
esiyoqhephuka
|
siyoqhephuka
|
asiyuqhephuka
|
esingeyuqhephuka
|
singeyuqhephuka
|
Class 8
|
ziyoqhephuka
|
eziyoqhephuka
|
ziyoqhephuka
|
aziyuqhephuka
|
ezingeyuqhephuka
|
zingeyuqhephuka
|
Class 9
|
iyoqhephuka
|
eyoqhephuka
|
iyoqhephuka
|
ayiyuqhephuka
|
engeyuqhephuka
|
ingeyuqhephuka
|
Class 10
|
ziyoqhephuka
|
eziyoqhephuka
|
ziyoqhephuka
|
aziyuqhephuka
|
ezingeyuqhephuka
|
zingeyuqhephuka
|
Class 11
|
luyoqhephuka
|
oluyoqhephuka
|
luyoqhephuka
|
aluyuqhephuka
|
olungeyuqhephuka
|
lungeyuqhephuka
|
Class 14
|
buyoqhephuka
|
obuyoqhephuka
|
buyoqhephuka
|
abuyuqhephuka
|
obungeyuqhephuka
|
bungeyuqhephuka
|
Class 15
|
kuyoqhephuka
|
okuyoqhephuka
|
kuyoqhephuka
|
akuyuqhephuka
|
okungeyuqhephuka
|
kungeyuqhephuka
|
Class 17
|
kuyoqhephuka
|
okuyoqhephuka
|
kuyoqhephuka
|
akuyuqhephuka
|
okungeyuqhephuka
|
kungeyuqhephuka
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngiqhephuke
|
ngingaqhephuki
|
2nd singular
|
uqhephuke
|
ungaqhephuki
|
1st plural
|
siqhephuke
|
singaqhephuki
|
2nd plural
|
niqhephuke
|
ningaqhephuki
|
Class 1
|
aqhephuke
|
angaqhephuki
|
Class 2
|
baqhephuke
|
bangaqhephuki
|
Class 3
|
uqhephuke
|
ungaqhephuki
|
Class 4
|
iqhephuke
|
ingaqhephuki
|
Class 5
|
liqhephuke
|
lingaqhephuki
|
Class 6
|
aqhephuke
|
angaqhephuki
|
Class 7
|
siqhephuke
|
singaqhephuki
|
Class 8
|
ziqhephuke
|
zingaqhephuki
|
Class 9
|
iqhephuke
|
ingaqhephuki
|
Class 10
|
ziqhephuke
|
zingaqhephuki
|
Class 11
|
luqhephuke
|
lungaqhephuki
|
Class 14
|
buqhephuke
|
bungaqhephuki
|
Class 15
|
kuqhephuke
|
kungaqhephuki
|
Class 17
|
kuqhephuke
|
kungaqhephuki
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngaqhephuka
|
ngangaqhephuka, angaqhephuka, angangaqhephuka
|
2nd singular
|
waqhephuka
|
wangaqhephuka, awaqhephuka, awangaqhephuka
|
1st plural
|
saqhephuka
|
sangaqhephuka, asaqhephuka, asangaqhephuka
|
2nd plural
|
naqhephuka
|
nangaqhephuka, anaqhephuka, anangaqhephuka
|
Class 1
|
waqhephuka
|
wangaqhephuka, akaqhephuka, akangaqhephuka
|
Class 2
|
baqhephuka
|
bangaqhephuka, abaqhephuka, abangaqhephuka
|
Class 3
|
waqhephuka
|
wangaqhephuka, awaqhephuka, awangaqhephuka
|
Class 4
|
yaqhephuka
|
yangaqhephuka, ayaqhephuka, ayangaqhephuka
|
Class 5
|
laqhephuka
|
langaqhephuka, alaqhephuka, alangaqhephuka
|
Class 6
|
aqhephuka
|
angaqhephuka, awaqhephuka, awangaqhephuka
|
Class 7
|
saqhephuka
|
sangaqhephuka, asaqhephuka, asangaqhephuka
|
Class 8
|
zaqhephuka
|
zangaqhephuka, azaqhephuka, azangaqhephuka
|
Class 9
|
yaqhephuka
|
yangaqhephuka, ayaqhephuka, ayangaqhephuka
|
Class 10
|
zaqhephuka
|
zangaqhephuka, azaqhephuka, azangaqhephuka
|
Class 11
|
lwaqhephuka
|
lwangaqhephuka, alwaqhephuka, alwangaqhephuka
|
Class 14
|
baqhephuka
|
bangaqhephuka, abaqhephuka, abangaqhephuka
|
Class 15
|
kwaqhephuka
|
kwangaqhephuka, akwaqhephuka, akwangaqhephuka
|
Class 17
|
kwaqhephuka
|
kwangaqhephuka, akwaqhephuka, akwangaqhephuka
|