secula
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English
[edit]Noun
[edit]secula
Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From secō (“to cut, cleave”) + -ula. Mentioned by Varro as a Campanian synonym of falx. The long ē is reconstructed based on the quality of the vowel in Italian segolo[1]: along with tēgula and rēgula, it may display a lengthened grade of the Proto-Indo-European root, although the reason for vowel lengthening in this context is not well understood.[2] Grandgent 1907 views it instead as a phonetic variant of sīcula.[3]
Noun
[edit]sēcula f (genitive sēculae); first declension
- (hapax)[4] a sickle
- 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, De Lingua Latina 5.137:
- Falces a farre littera commutata; hae in Campania seculae a secando; a quadam similitudine harum aliae, ut quod apertum unde, falces fenariae et arbor<ar>iae et, quod non apertum unde, falces lumaria<e> et sirpiculae.
- 1938 translation by Roland G. Kent
- Falces ‘sickles,’ from far ‘emmer,’ with the change of a letter; in Campania, these are called seculae, from secare ‘to cut’; from a certain likeness to these are named others, the falces fenariae ‘hay scythes’ and arborariae ‘tree pruning-hooks,’ of obvious origin, and falces lumariae and sirpiculae, whose source is obscure.
- 1938 translation by Roland G. Kent
- Falces a farre littera commutata; hae in Campania seculae a secando; a quadam similitudine harum aliae, ut quod apertum unde, falces fenariae et arbor<ar>iae et, quod non apertum unde, falces lumaria<e> et sirpiculae.
Declension
[edit]First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | sēcula | sēculae |
| Genitive | sēculae | sēculārum |
| Dative | sēculae | sēculīs |
| Accusative | sēculam | sēculās |
| Ablative | sēculā | sēculīs |
| Vocative | sēcula | sēculae |
Synonyms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Friulian: sesule
- Italian: segolo[5]
- → Proto-West Germanic: *sikilu (see there for further descendants)
References
[edit]- ^ Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “secula”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots[1] (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 607
- ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 127
- ^ Grandgent, C. H. (1907) An Introduction to Vulgar Latin, page 84
- ^ Nielsen, Benedicte (1998) Latinske nomina instrumenti dannet med *-lo-, *-slo- og *-tlo-. Om det indbyrdes slægtskab mellem tre indoeuropæiske nominalsuffikser. (Master's thesis)[2], pages 78-79
- ^ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “7771. sēcula”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 584
Further reading
[edit]- “secula”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- secula in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- secula in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “secō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 551
Etymology 2
[edit]From saeclum.
Noun
[edit]sēcula
Categories:
- English non-lemma forms
- English noun forms
- English plurals in -a with singular in -um or -on
- Latin terms suffixed with -ula
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin hapax legomena
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin noun forms